14 Panoramic Radiographs 2

Question 1

what does the yellow represent?

Answer 1

Condyle

Question 2

what does the pink line represent?

Answer 2

Sigmoid notch

Question 3

what does the blue represent?

Answer 3

Ramus

Question 4

what does the purple represent?

Answer 4

Body of mandible

Question 5

what does the green represent?

Answer 5

Coronoid process

Question 6

what does the yellow represent?

Answer 6

Mandibular foramen

Question 7

what does the green represent?

Answer 7

Mental foramen

Question 8

what does the blue area represent?

Answer 8

The inferior alveolar canal

Question 9

What does the red circle represent

Answer 9

Submandibular fossa - depression on the lingual aspect of the body of the mandible

Question 10

what does the yellow represent?

Answer 10

Hard palate

Question 11

what does the green represent?

Answer 11

Soft palate

Question 12

What does the red represent?

Answer 12

Anterior nasal spine

Question 13

What does the red represent?

Answer 13

Maxillary sinus

Question 14

What does the red represent?

Answer 14

Zygomatic arch and buttress

Question 16

What does the red represent?

Answer 16

Pterygoid plates

Question 17

What does the red represent?

Answer 17

Pterygomaxillary fissure

Question 18

What does the red represent?

Answer 18

Inferior nasal concha

Question 19

What does the red represent?

Answer 19

Nasal septum

Question 20

What does the red represent?

Answer 20

Nasal cartilages

Question 21

What does the red, yellow and green represent?

Answer 21

Red = orbital rim
Yellow = mastoid process
Green = Styloid process

Question 22

Why is the styloid ligament not visible on radiographs in younger people but can be in older?

Answer 22

It is not calcified but can become calcified as you become older

Question 23

What does the pink, blue, yellow and green represent?

Answer 23

Pink = spine of sphenoid
Blue = mental fossa
Green = glenoid/mandibular fossa
Yellow = Articular eminance

Question 24

What does the yellow represent?

Answer 24

Pituitary fossa/sella tursica

Question 25

What does the yellow, blue and green represent?

Answer 25

yellow - developing crown
green - near-mature apex
blue - developing root

Question 26

What does the yellow and green represent?

Answer 26

yellow - ear lobe
green - external auditory meatus

Question 27

What does the red represent?

Answer 27

Epiglottis

Question 28

What does the red represent?

Answer 28

Lip space

Question 29

What are the 2 types of misleading shaddows?

Answer 29

• double shadows
• ghost shadows

Question 30

What are double shadows?

Answer 30

Created by structures located near the centre of rotation which, due to their central position are captured twice

Question 31

What are often captured as double shadows?

Answer 31

• hyoid bone
• soft palate
• cervical spine

Question 32

What are ghost shadows?

Answer 32

Created by structures between the x-ray source and the centre of rotation
- structures on one side are projected onto the other
They appear magnified, blurry, higher (due to the beam inclination) and transposed onto the other side due to the opposite side of their true anatomical position

Question 33

What is the selection criteria for panoramic radiographs in general dental practice?

Answer 33

• Grossly neglected dentition (generalised caries)
• Part of periodontal bone assessment (often supplemented with periapicals)
• Bony lesion or unerupted tooth of a size or position that precludes complete demonstration on intraoral radiograph
• assessment of 3rd molars if planning surgical intervention
• part of orthodontic assessment where there is a clinical need to know the state of the dentition and the presence/absence of teeth

Question 34

What is the selection criteria for panoramic radiographs in (dental) hospitals?

Answer 34

• assessment for fractures of the mandible (except anteriorly)
• assessment of maxillary sinus pathology
• assessment of destructive disease of the TMJ articular surfaces
• pre-implant planning (alveolar bone height and position of anatomical structure)

Question 35

What is the advantage of a panoramic radiograph over a postero-anterior mandible radiograph?

Answer 35

The panoramic radiograph is a tomograph so is a slice of the image so no superimposition