14. Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Question 1

Structural isomerism

Answer 1

Different molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae

Question 2

Stereoisomerism

Answer 2

Molecules with the same structural formula (and same molecular formula) with different arrangements of atoms/groups in space

Question 3

Chiral centre

Answer 3

A carbon atom with 4 different atoms/groups attached

Question 4

Optical isomers

Answer 4

• 1. Molecules that are non-superimposable mirror images
     
     2. Chiral centre
     3. Different 3D arrangement of atoms
     4. Different rotation of plane-polarised light

Question 5

Geometrical isomerism

Answer 5

Different molecules with the same (molecular and) structural formula, due to different arrangement in space caused by C=C double bond