1.4 - Chemical Nomenclature

Question 1

Ionic Compounds

Answer 1

Made up of ions and one of these is often a metal.

Question 2

Covalent Compounds

Answer 2

Composed of two nonmetals.

Question 3

Covalent Bonds

Answer 3

Involves the sharing of electrons between atoms involved.

Question 4

Ionic Interactions

Answer 4

Less of a bond and more of a transfer of electrons. The ions involved are held together through electrostatic attraction.

Question 5

Formula Unit

Answer 5

Group of atoms represented by a chemical formula.

Question 6

Molecule

Answer 6

The smallest discrete unit of an element or compound.

Question 7

Compound

Answer 7

A group of atoms that behave as a unit.

Question 8

Diatomic Molecules

Answer 8

Elements that exist naturally as a bonded pair of atoms. They are H2,N2,F2,O2,I2,Cl2, and Br2. “Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer”.

Question 9

Allotropes

Answer 9

Different molecular forms of the same element.

Question 10

Binary

Answer 10

Composed of two types of atoms. They have two word names.

Question 11

The first word of a binary compound?

Answer 11

The name of the first element plus a prefix to indicate the number of atoms present.

Question 12

The second word of a binary compound?

Answer 12

The name of the second element with the ending changed to ide, plus a prefix to indicate the number of atoms present.

Question 13

Carbide

Answer 13

Group 4A. Written as C^4-.

Question 14

Silicide

Answer 14

Group 4A. Written as Si^4-.

Question 15

Nitride

Answer 15

Group 5A. Written as N^3-.

Question 16

Phosphide

Answer 16

Group 5A. Written as P^3-.

Question 17

Oxide

Answer 17

Group 6A. Written as O^2-.

Question 18

Sulfide

Answer 18

Group 6A. Written as S^2-.

Question 19

Selenide

Answer 19

Group 6A. Written as Se^2-.

Question 20

Telluride

Answer 20

Group 6A. Written as Te^2-.

Question 21

Hydride

Answer 21

Group 7A. Written as H^-.

Question 22

Fluoride

Answer 22

Group 7A. Written as F^-.

Question 23

Chloride

Answer 23

Group 7A. Written as Cl^-.

Question 24

Bromide

Answer 24

Group 7A. Written as Br^-.

Question 25

Iodide

Answer 25

Group 7A. Written as I^-.

Question 26

Mono-

Answer 26

1

Question 27

Di-

Answer 27

2

Question 28

Tri-

Answer 28

3

Question 29

Tetra-

Answer 29

4

Question 30

Penta-

Answer 30

5

Question 31

Hexa-

Answer 31

6

Question 32

Hepta-

Answer 32

7

Question 33

Octa-

Answer 33

8

Question 34

Nona-

Answer 34

9

Question 35

Deca-

Answer 35

10

Question 36

How do you name Binary Molecular Compounds?

Answer 36

- Start with the name of the first element (as it appears on the periodic table). - If there is more than one of the first element, add the appropriate prefix. If there is only one of the first element, do not add the mono- prefix. - Add the name of the second element with the ending changed to -ide. - Add a prefix to indicate how many of the second element there is, regardless of number (here you use the mono- prefix). - Be careful with elements that start with a vowel. It's customary to drop the -o or the -a at the end of prefixes.

Question 37

Water

Answer 37

H2O

Question 38

Ammonia

Answer 38

NH3

Question 39

Phosphine

Answer 39

PH3

Question 40

Nitric oxide

Answer 40

NO

Question 41

Nitrous oxide

Answer 41

N2O

Question 42

Hydrazine

Answer 42

N2H4

Question 43

Salts

Answer 43

Naming ionic compounds.

Question 44

Ions

Answer 44

Atoms or groups of atoms that have gained or lost electrons.

Question 45

Cations

Answer 45

Ions with a positive charge (those that have lost electrons). They will use the name of the element followed by "ion" or "cation". Ex: Na --> Na^+ + e^-

Question 46

Anions

Answer 46

Ions with a negative charge (those that have gained electrons). It will use the -ide endings. Ex: Cl + e^- --> Cl^-

Question 47

Monatomic ions

Answer 47

Ions of the main group elements. Column 1: +1 Column 2: +2 Column 3: +3 Column 4: +/- 4 Column 5: -3 Column 6: -2 Column 7: -1 Column 8: None

Question 48

Transition metal cations

Answer 48

It can form more than one cation. That leads to more than one charge. This means that it needs to include the charge when ion is named.

Question 49

Transition metal ions

Answer 49

When they are named, they should NOT have a Roman numeral associated with them.

Question 50

Polyatomic ions

Answer 50

A group of two or more atoms bonded together that have gained or lost electrons as a group. This gives the entire group and overall charge.

Question 51

How do you name Binary Ionic Compounds?

Answer 51

- Polyatomic ions (chiefly the ammonium cation) - Monatomic metal cations with a constant charge - Monatomic metal cations with variable charge (transition metals) Name the anion. Your options include: - Monatomic anions (nonmetals) - Polyatomic anions

Question 51

Hydrate

Answer 51

A term where compounds have water molecules trapped inside their crystal structure.

Question 52

Waters of hydration

Answer 52

Water molecules that are stuck in the crystal structure.