1.4 Cellular Standards

Question 1

– GSM - Global System for Mobile Communications (European Standard)
– CDMA - Code Division Multiple Access
* Poor data support
– Originally used circuit-switching
– Minor upgrades for some packet-switching

Answer 1

2G

Question 2

Introduced in 1998
* Upgraded data connectivity over 2G
– Incremental 3G updates improved speeds
– Usually several megabits per second
* Bandwidth improvement allowed new functionality
– GPS
– Mobile television
– Video on demand
– Video conferencing

Answer 2

3G

Question 3

– Converged standard (GSM and CDMA providers)
– Based on GSM and EDGE
(Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution)
– Standard supports download rates of 150 Mbit/s

Answer 3

4G

Question 4

– Launched worldwide in 2020
* Significant performance improvements
– At higher frequencies
– Eventually 10 gigabits per second
– Slower speeds from 100-900 Mbit/s
* Significant IoT impact
– Bandwidth becomes less of a constraint
– Larger data transfers
– Faster monitoring and notification
– Additional cloud processing

Answer 4

5G

Question 5

– Mobile networking standard
* 90% of the market
– Originally an EU standard
– Worldwide coverage
* Used by AT&T and T-Mobile in the United States
– Move your SIM card (Subscriber Identity Module) from
phone to phone

Answer 5

Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)

Question 6

– Everyone communicates at the same time
– Each call uses a different code
– The codes are used to filter each call on the receiving side
* Used by Verizon and Sprint
– Handsets are controlled by the network provider
– Not much adoption elsewhere

Answer 6

Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

Question 7

Allows your phone to connect to the right tower. Can be updated over the air (OTA)

Answer 7

PRL (Preferred Roaming List) updates

Question 8

• Created by the U.S. Department of Defense
  – Over 30 satellites currently in orbit
• Precise navigation - Need to see at least 4 satellites
• Determines location based on timing differences
  – Longitude, latitude, altitude
• Mobile device location services and geotracking
  – Maps, directions
  – Determine physical location based on
  GPS, WiFi, and cellular towers

Answer 8

GPS (Global Positioning System)

Question 9

• Manage company-owned and user-owned mobile devices
  – BYOD - Bring Your Own Device
• Centralized management of the mobile devices
  – Specialized functionality
• Set policies on apps, data, camera, etc.
  – Control the remote device
  – The entire device or a “partition”
• Manage access control
  – Force screen locks and PINs on these single user devices

Answer 9

MDM (Mobile Device Management)

Question 10

User does not need to configure anything
– The MDM makes the changes on the device
– Account details, server address, communication method

Answer 10

Corporate email configuration

Question 11

Require specific authentication types
– Biometrics, pseudo-random authentication app

Answer 11

Two-factor authentication

Question 12

Allow or restrict app installation
– Prevent unauthorized app usage

Answer 12

Corporate applications

Question 13

• Outlook, Exchange
  – Microsoft’s email service
  – Usually the same for Hotmail and Outlook.com

Answer 13

Microsoft 365

Question 14

Same process as Microsoft 365

Answer 14

Google Workspace

Question 15

Integrated into iOS and iPadOS
– Provide an iCloud username and password
* Select synchronization options
– Extensive customization
* Synchronize to macOS
– Use your desktop, laptop, or mobile device

Answer 15

iCloud

Question 16

• Data types
  – Mail
  – Pictures, music, video
  – Calendar
  – Contac

Answer 16

Synchronizing data