1.4 - Bonding Flashcards
Ionic bonding occurs between a ____ and a _________. Electrons are ___________ from the ____ to the _____ to achieve a full outer shells. When electrons are transferred, it creates charged particles celled ____. Oppositely charged ions attract through ___________ forces to form a giant ionic ______ _____.
metal
non metal
transferred
metal
non-metal
ions
electrostatic
crystal lattice
Covalent bonds form between 2 ________. Electrons are _______ between the outer shells in order to achieve a full outer shell. The electrostatic forces within the molecules must be ________ so that there is no overall attractive or repulsive forces.
A covalent bond has a pair of electrons with opposed spin shared between 2 atoms with each atom giving 1 electron
no-metals
shared
balanced
What is a coordinate (or dative) bond?
A bond formed when both the electrons in the shared pair are supplied from the same atom (once a dative bond has formed, it is treated as a standard covalent bonds as it reacts in the same way)
All bonding results from electrical attractions and repulsions between the protons ( in the nucleus) and the electrons, with attractions outweighing repulsions.
In covalent bonds the electrons in the pair between the atoms _____ one another but this is overcome by their attractions to BOTH nuclei. If atoms get to close together the ______ and their inner __________ will repel the nuclei and inner electrons of the other atom So the bond has a certain_______.
repel
nuclei
electrons
length
See NC1
What is elctrongativity?
Measure of the electron-attracting power of an atom in a covalent bond. High electrogenicity - more energy required to break bond
The electronegativity for every atom is different depending on its size and nuclear charge. With respect to the periodic table what has the highest electronegativity?
Electronegativity increases along a period, as nuclear charge increases, and decreases down a group, as shielding increases.
