1.4 Blood and Muscles Flashcards
Function of Red Blood Cells
To carry oxygen around the body
Function of White Blood Cells
Engulf bacteria
Function of Platelets
Help the blood to clot
Function of Plasma
Transport vitamins and minerals
How are Red Blood Cells adapted for their function?
1) biconcave shape increases surface area to absorb oxygen.
2) contains Haemaglobin which binds to oxygen to make oxyhaemaglobin.
Constituents of blood
Plasma 55%
WBC and Platelets <1%
RBC 45%
Featured of a red blood cell
Biconcave
Haemaglobin - oxyhaemaglobin
No nucleus to make more room for haemaglobin
Features of White Blood Cells
Phagocytes: change shape to engulf bacteria
Lymphocytes: can reduce antibodies to neutralise microbes
what shape of nucleus do white blood cells have
Lobed nucleus
What is clotting?
Stops further blood loss
Forms a scab to prevent entry of microbes
Features of Platelets
Are very small so have no nucleus
Are also 2-3micrometres, which means 1mm has 500 platelets in it
Where are smooth muscles found and are they used voluntarily or involuntarily?
Wall of gut
Involuntary
Where are cardiac muscles found and are they used voluntarily or involuntarily?
Heart
Involuntary
Where are skeletal muscles found and are they used voluntarily or involuntarily?
Attached to bones
Voluntary
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