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Theme 1 (Edexcel Business A Level) > 1.4 > Flashcards

1.4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Hard HRM?

A

Where staff are treated as a resource that has to be managed in order for the business to control costs and output. (staff are a cost)

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2
Q

What is Soft HRM?

A

Where staff are treated as an asset, to a business that can contribute and help the business achieve its objectives

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3
Q

Components of a flexible workforce

A
  • Multi skilled
  • Part time and temporary
  • Flexible hours and home working
  • Outsourcing (getting someone to do the job)
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4
Q

Strengths of Soft HRM

A
  • More motivated therefore productivity rises
  • Flexible hours
  • Relaxed environment - increases creativity
  • More likely to work well in a team
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5
Q

Strength for Hard HRM

A
  • No distractions
  • Efficient workload that has to be completed
  • Fixed term contracts
  • Less costs
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6
Q

Weaknesses for Soft HRM

A
  • More potential distractions in the workplace
  • More costs
  • Hard to monitor progress
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7
Q

Weaknesses for hard HRM

A
  • Bad reputation
  • High labour turnover therefore less experienced staff
  • Recruitment costs
  • Stressful atmosphere
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8
Q

What is redundancy?

A

Form of dismissal when an employee’s contract of employment is terminated due to the job no longer existing

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9
Q

Potential factors causing redundancies

A
  • Closure
  • Restructuring
  • Relocation
  • New technology
  • Rationalisation
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10
Q

What are the benefits of a trade union?

A
  • Enhances business performance
  • Improves international competitiveness
  • Implements change
  • Lower labour turnover
  • Increases motivation
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11
Q

What is primary and secondary picketing?

A

Primary
- Demonstrating outside of YOUR place of work

Secondary
- Demonstrate outside of ANOTHER place of work

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12
Q

What is a work council?

A

A group of managers and representative employees who meet regularly to discuss issues relating to the workforce and business

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13
Q

What is Arbitration?

A

When a neutral third party makes a decision on a dispute between the employer and employee (s)

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14
Q

What is conciliation?

A

When there is a disagreement between an employer and a group of employees, a conciliator helps both parties find a solution however doesn’t make the final decision.

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15
Q

What are the benefits of internal recruitment?

A
  • Lower recruitment costs
  • Improved promotion prospects
  • Known abilities of candidates
  • Quicker process
  • Shorter induction period
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16
Q

Disadvantages of internal recruitment

A
  • Reduces talent available
  • Limits the number of applicants
  • Can cause friction between internal candidates
17
Q

What are the benefits of external recruitment

A
  • Increases the talent available
  • Can provide new sources of ideas to the firm
  • Increases the number of applicants
  • Increases potential creativity and authenticity
18
Q

Disadvantages of external recruitment

A
  • Higher recruitment costs
  • May upset the internal candidates that have been overlooked
  • Unable to see candidates at work over a period of time
  • Potential productivity risk
19
Q

What are the costs of recruitment?

A
  • Time it takes to draw up job descriptions and person specifications
  • Advertising costs in newspapers, journals, online etc.
  • Fees paid to a recruitment consultancy
20
Q

What are the costs during selection?

A
  • Managers time shortlisting and interviewing
  • Candidate expenses if reimbursed for interviews
  • Fees paid to assessment centres
21
Q

What are the features of ON the job training?

A
  • At the place of work +
  • Can focus on specific skills +
  • Potential distractions -
  • Teacher may teach the new employee incorrectly -
22
Q

What are the features of OFF the job training?

A
  • Away from the work environment
  • Lectures / Seminars
  • Theoretical training
  • Less pressure / distractions +
  • Expensive -
23
Q

What are the costs of training?

A
  • Productivity time lost by employee receiving training
  • Productivity time lost by a second employee if training is provided on site
  • Fees paid to an external training provider plus employees travel costs
24
Q

What is organisational structure?

A

Is the way in which the workforce within a firm is organised, including job roles and communication flows

25
Q

What is hierarchy?

A

Is the structure of the workforce within an organisation showing who is accountable to whom

26
Q

Features of the levels of hierarchy
Tall and Thin
Wide and Flat

A

Tall and Thin - Where each superior is responsible for a few subordinates, which allows for closer supervision and communication between the two levels

Wide and Flat - Each superior is responsible for a larger number of subordinates. Therefore requires greater delegation but fewer levels allowing for quicker communication through the firm

27
Q

Define chain of command?

A

Chain of command is the way authority and power is passed down the levels of hierarchy

28
Q

Define span of control?

A

Span of control shows the number of subordinates that a manager or supervisor is directly responsible for

29
Q

Define Delegation

A

Delegation means passing on tasks to other workers, for example people with higher responsibilities can pass on part of their job to workers lower than them

30
Q

Define Authority

A

Is the power of an employee to instruct subordinates, make decisions and control the use of resources

31
Q

What is a matrix structure?

A

Getting teams of people from different department to communicate and mix expertise with each other therefore objectives are more likely to be met

Theme 1 (Edexcel Business A Level) (2 decks)

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