13a - A nation in Turmoil Flashcards
Was the gap between rich and poor growing larger in the late 19th century?
yes
Was technological unemployment a problem?
yes
What did working families do to “make ends meet” in the 1890s?
Women and Children joined the workforce
What percentage of children were employed during the 1890s?
1/5, 20%
During the 1890s how many railroad workers died on the job?
200,000+
Did the workers have workmen’s compensation?
No
Were the child workers protected by legislation?
No
Did “rags-to-riches” occur in the real world?
Yes, but it was a tiny fraction of the population, many of whom started at least middle class.
What social theory was based upon the work of Charles Darwin
Darwinism
How much money did Andrew Carnegie contribute to charity?
350 million
Why did workers go out on strike?
They were working but didn’t make enough to live comfortably
Who founded the Knights of Labor?
A group of Philadelphia tailors
What was the percentage of African-Americans and women that joined the Knights?
10-15%
At its peak how large was the organization’s membership?
700,000
How long a work day did the union membership want?
8 hours
What did factory owners do to break the strikes?
Used pickett walls and political powers
What resulted from the “Haymarket Square Riot” in Chicago?
2,000 working men attended a rally about police brutality organized by german speaking anarchists.
Which union developed after the demise of the Knights of Labor?
AFL (American Federation of Labor)
Were women or African-Americans allowed as members in the new union?
No
What did Samuel Gompers say the workers wanted?
More
What did Henry Clay Frick do at Homestead?
He would only negotiate with individuals, not companies
Who was hired to break the strike?
Police
Who was “called out” to end the strike?
Goons and state militias
Where was the “breadbasket” of the United States?
Western Nations
