135.293 Oral Study Flashcards
1
Q
GOM
Who do you work for?
A
Gama Aviation LLC
2
Q
GOM
What is operational control? Who has it?
A
DO and PIC jointly responsible, DO can delegate per duty roster. Authority to initiate, conduct, or terminate a flight.
3
Q
135.267 [Scenario}
Can you accept this flight as assigned? Why?
A
No, just the planned flights cover 13 hours allowing no time for planning, preflight, delays, and closing out aircraft at the end of a shift within 14 hours. Need 10 hours of rest before.
4
Q
135.267
How much rest is required prior to a 135 duty?
A
10 hours (135.267)
5
Q
How many rest periods in a quarter
A
13 rest periods per quarter, 24 hours consecutive each.
6
Q
61.57
Do you need to maintain landing currency? How? Day vs Night?
A
Day 3 TO/LDG in last 90 days Night (BE300) 3 Night TO/LDG in last 90 days to full stop Other: 6 Night TO/LDG in previous 12 months +15 hrs and day currency.
7
Q
61.57
When does “Night Time” start and end with regards to night landings?
A
1 hour after sunset and 1 hour before sunrise.
8
Q
61.57
Can you use a simulator to regain landing currency?
A
IAW 61.57, yes If approved by GAMA under A031
9
Q
FSG
What is required to maintain currency in the Fusion avionics?
A
1 IAP in preceding 90 days. Fly with PIC, required for the PIC to be current.
10
Q
135.293 135.297 135.299
What training and checks are required under FAR 135
A
IPC/135.297 check last 6 months 135.293 A1, 4-8 training and check last 12 months Received ground training last 12 months 135.299 check last 12 months for PIC
11
Q
135.301
What are the grace periods for 135 checks?
A
1 month before or 1 month after scheduled month
12
Q
61.17
When does your temporary airmen certificate expire?
A
120 days from issue, upon receipt of permanent.
13
Q
61.3
What personal documents are required in your possession to fly?
A
Airman Certificate Medical Government issued photo ID
14
Q
61.159
What is an SOE limitation?
A
25 hrs of supervised operating experience required.
15
Q
61.23/FSG
What class of medical certificate do you need to exercise ATP privileges? What does GAMA require for all pilots? When are new medicals due?
A
1st Class Due on the 20th of the month per FSG.
16
Q
61.23
How long is your 1st Class Medical Cert valid for? When does it expire?
A
Age 40 and over 6 months On last day of the 6th month (Some foreign countries on actual day)
17
Q
OPSPEC C054
You are/are paired with a high mins PIC, what limitations apply to you?
A
RVR distances increased 1800 need 4500 2000 need 4500 2400 need 5000 3000 need 5000 4000 need 6000 5000 need 6000 No TO with vis < 1 mile, add 100’ and 1/2 sm to IAP used.
18
Q
135.4
You are/are paired with a SIC with < 100 hrs in type, are there any limitations? Passenger carrying requirements per the FSG?
A
SIC can’t land if DAA required and vis < 3/4, RVR < 4000, contaminated runway, braking action < good, wind >15 knots, wind shear, or other condition at PIC’s discretion.
19
Q
GOM 4
How do you report an irregular occurrence or safety issue?
A
Occurrence report, call or on company website
20
Q
GOM
What is “Safety” and how does GAMA promote a safety culture?
A
Reducing risk by analysis, identification, and mitigation. Promotes through ASAP program, SMS, Safety dept team, Safety email address
21
Q
GOM 4
What is the ASAP program? How do you submit into ASAP?
A
Used to identify and correct issues. Submit through occurrence report within 24 hrs of issue, Safety dept. determines if it is entered into ASAP.
22
Q
GOM
What is Crew Resource Management (CRM)?
A
Non technical procedures focused on communication, leadership, and decision making skills, and use of all available resources to the crew to make decisions.
23
Q
135.225
What is the Part 135 STD IFR min T/O Vis? Can we T/O with less? Why?
A
1 SM/5000 RVR Yes OPSPEC C079 approved
24
Q
OPSPEC C079
What is our lowest auth. T/O vis? What is required?
A
500 RVR, 2 RVR’s + CL + RCLM
25
135.217/C057
When do we need a departure alternate? How far can it be?
When DEP WX is below LDG mins. 1 hour at normal cruise in still air with 2 engines operating.
26
135.223
What is the Part 135 IFR fuel requirement?
Fuel to DEST, DEST to alternate, the 45 mins fuel at normal cruise speed.
27
FSG
What is GAMA's fuel reserve requirement for planning and in-flight?
BE300. 800/700
28
135.219
Can you depart for a destination with WX at or forecast below approach mins?
NO, WX reports or forecasts must indicate that the weather conditions at the estimated time of arrival will be at or above landing mins.
29
135.223/TSO C145
When are you required to file a destination alternate?
If +/- 1 hour ETA, Wx reports or forecasts indicate: Cig \< (higher of) 1500 above lowest circling MDA or lowest min epoch if no circle avail. or 2000 HAA Vis \< (greater of) 3 SM or 2 SM + applicable read vis for IAP to be used. Or if no Wx reporting or no IAP available.
30
OPSPEC C055
How do you determine alternate airport weather minimums?
Must figure from OpSpec C055 table 1 NAV/RWY add 400' and 1 SM to appch mins 2 NAV/RWY add 200' and 1/2 SM to appch mins to higher of the 2 approaches.
31
Jepp
How do we know if we can use an airport as an alternate? Does C055 give relief?
If it states N/A on chart cannot use. No
32
C055/AFM
Can we use an alternate with only GPS approaches as an alternate? Why?
Yes Table lists airframes in C055 with specific limitations.
33
135.221
Does the alternate have to be above landing minimums at ETA?
Yes, alternate has same rule as destination airport.
34
135.225/A057/135.4
Could we fly an IAP into an airport without Wx reporting? Why?
Yes, As an eligible on demand operator meeting specified flight crew experience, pilot operating limitations, pairing requirements, and Opspecs
Must have alternate with reported weather and meeting alternate weather requirements.
35
135.225
How do we determine minimums at an airport without Wx reporting?
Must have an altimeter setting for the approach to be used at destination with the mins published or have a remote altimeter listed on the approach plate for that IAP.
36
135.4
What are the flight crew experience requirements to conduct Eligible On Demand operations?
2 pilots, 1 pilot with at least 75 hours in specific airframe type, FO landing limits, PIC 1500 hrs with ATP.
37
GOM/135.63/A097/OPS Alert 15-03A
Whats our primary way of determining W&B? Any others? Where is it approved?
iPreflight AA plotter, POH GOM Section 6
38
How do we account for bags brought into the cabin?
Average bags in cargo, personal items accounted for in average weights, otherwise actual weights if placing bag on seats.
39
135.63
How long in GAMA required to keep completed W&B forms?
30 days
40
OPSPEC A097
Are we authorized to use STD weights? Why? What are STD weights?
Yes Opspecs allows Adult=189, child=81, under 2=0, crew=190
41
What is the max number of lap children you can have? Why?
Limited by number of O2 masks.
42
Can you combine actual and STD weights? What if PAX is obviously not standard?
No, must use actual weights. A097
43
When using actual weights, do you need to change the crew weight?
No, GOM allows STD crew weight with actual Pax/Bag weights
44
FSG
How do you account for dogs weighing over 60 pounds on W&B? Can you use STD weights?
Any dog over 60 pounds and up takes actual seat. Should use actual weights. A097
45
GOM 8
What are we looking for on an approved car seat?
"THIS RESTRAINT IS CERTIFIED FOR USE IN MOTOR VEHICLES AND AIRCRAFT"
46
GOM 11
Member shows up with an electric wheelchair, what do you need to consider?
Whether it has spoilable or non-spillable batteries, spoilable must be disconnected.
47
FSG
What documents are required to be on board the aircraft?
Airworthiness certificate Registration Radio License Ops Specs W&B FMS manual Avionics Manual Checklists AML MEL Passenger briefing cards
48
135.117
How many PAX briefing cards are required? What if some are missing? Where located?
One per passenger Can make copies if missing Accessible to passenger
49
91.171/FSG
How often is a VOR check required? Where is it documented?
Every 30 days per FAR
Daily per FSG Log
Documented on VOR check block of Aircraft Maintenance log
50
91.171
What types of VOR checks may be used and what are allowed tolerances?
Surface VOR Checkpoint on airport +/- 4\* Radio repair station tester +/- 4\* Dual VOR +/- 4\* Airborne VOR checkpoint +/- 6\* Airborne over landmark +/- 6\*
51
135.157
How much O2 is required per occupant above FL250 under part 135 in a pressurized aircraft?
Pilots requirements plus at least a 10 minute supply of supplemental O2 for each additional occupant in the aircraft.
52
135.65/GOM 17/MEL
Before flight you notice a passenger seatbelt harness will not retract, where does this get recorded?
AML, left column. Call OPS, coordinate with MX if deferrable.
53
GOM
Where are the approved storage locations for the flight crew iPads?
Behind the pilots seat and in the chart holders.
54
A061
Can you use your personal iPad?
No, has to be approved per operators EFB program.
55
MEL
Can we fly with one iPad inop? What about both inop?
Yes, if we have all paper charts available in flight
56
135.185
When must an aircraft be weighed? Where can you find the last W&B?
Every 36 months. Black book
57
A041/AFM
Can you takeoff with any frost on the aircraft? Under the wings?
No, Clean airframe concept
58
A41/AFM
Will we need to de-ice? Which type of fluid are we certified to use? Can we use times from our hold over tables?
Yes, at Boston, but cannot depart in freezing drizzle Type 1, 2, and 4 No
59
OPSPEC A041
We are taxiing to the runway and its beginning to snow. Can we depart?
Yes, Pre-Take off contamination check 5 minutes before departure to confirm no additional ice accretions.
60
AFM
Under what conditions can you expect fog to form?
Temperature and dew point within 5 degrees
61
What is the FSG procedure regarding pre-departure walk-arounds?
Both pilots must perform a walk-around, checking security of wing lockers, fuel caps, and removal of chocks and covers.
62
FSG
What is the company' policy for use of aircraft lights prior to passenger boarding at night?
All entry lights and external position lights prior to boarding
63
FSG
What credentials should you ask for when being ramp checked by the FAA?
FAA form 110
64
What RVR value will constitute a low visibility taxi?
1200 RVR, both pilots heads up and all checklists will be accomplished while stopped, SMGCS chart in use if available
65
Jepp
What RVR value will constitute a low visibility taxi?
1200 RVR, both pilots heads up and all checklists will be accomplished while stopped, SMGCS chart (Surface Movement Ground Control System) in use if available
66
AFM/FSG
Min Alt for checklist use?
1500 FAA, 3000 for after takeoff company policy
67
GOM
14 What are the types of structural ice?
Rime-small drops freeze rapidly Clear- Large drops, freeze slow, possible roll back beyond pros. area Mixed- combo of rime and clear
68
GOM 14
Which is the most dangerous?
Clear ice, it is heavy and can run back and cover non-protected areas. Mind min icing speed.
69
GOM/A004
BOS ATIS states "Land and Hold Short Operations in Effect", can you accept, why, what should you do?
No, not authorized per GOM and Opspecs. Advise ATC you cannot accept LAHSO (GOM 6.4.8.1.1)
70
C052
How can you find out what IAP GAMA is authorized to conduct?
Opspecs C052
71
C052
Are we approved for WAAS approaches?
Yes, per OpSpec C052
72
AFM
If the visibility is less than 3/4 mile, do we add anything to the landing distance?
BE300, No
73
FSG
Can we depart into freezing rain? Light freezing drizzle or freezing drizzle?
No
74
GOM 2
Your passengers show up on time and decide to change the destination, can you do it?
No Pilot must contact operations first, Operational control.
75
135.117
Lead passenger tells you they don't need a briefing, can you skip it? Why?
No Required by FAR 135 and GOM
76
GOM 6
Can you board passengers while fueling?
BE300, no because overawing fueling
77
GOM Whose responsibility is it that the cabinet briefing be conducted completely and accurately?
PIC, PIC may designate the SIC to conduct
78
GOM 11
Passenger has a box with a HAZMAT sticker on it, can we take it?
No, we are not approved to carry HAZMAT
79
135.144
Can passengers use electronic devices on board the acft?
Only approved devices, when allowed.
80
135.117
What is required in a passenger safety briefing?
Items in OM-05 briefing card
81
Part 1
What is extended over water?
\> 50 nm from shore
82
135.167
You filed an AR route for this flight, what equipment is required? When?
Extended over water - Life jackets, life raft, survival kit, and ELT
83
OpSpec A009
Where can we get NOTAM and TFR information? What types?
Approved Wx on A009 FSS Briefer, ARINC, Universal Wx, Rockwell, or FltPlan.com
84
AFM/APG
During taxi tower calls and asks you if you can take an intersection T/O. Can you do it? Why?
Yes If performance is available and meets all requirements
85
135.89
What must the pilot staying in the cockpit do when the other person leaves their station?
Above FL250 if 1 crew member leaves the cockpit the other pilot must be on O2
86
135.89
In a pressurized aircraft, with both pilots at the controls, at what altitude must a quick donning O2 mask be worn by at least one crew member
Part 91 Above FL410 Part 135 Above FL350
87
AFM
How would you calculate the O2 supply, what size bottle in your airplane?
AFM charts
88
Part 1
Whats the difference between Class 1 and Class 2 navigation?
Class 1 - Operation conducted entirely within the designated operational service volume of ICAO standard airway navigation facilities, VOR, VOR/DME, NDB, and GPS Class 2 - Operation which is not defined as Class 1 navigation, it is dependent on the use of log-range navigation system.
89
OpSpec B046
Tell me about RVSM Airspace
FL290-410, requires acft Pitt system check, crew training (B046), two independent altimeters, operable autopilot, altitude alert, and an altitude reporting xpndr. Acft listed in D092
90
Describe the Jetstream and its general characteristics in summer vs winter
Jet stream - Stronger Polar Jets 23,000-39,000 feet with higher and weaker subtropical jets around 33000-52000 feet. Caused by planet rotation and solar heating of the atmosphere. During the winter the jetsam is the strongest due to greater temperature differences of air masses. Weaker wind during the summer when temperatures of air masses are closer together.
91
Looking at the winds and temps aloft you notice a drastic change in temperature and a wind shift in the Charleston area, what's this an indication of?
Frontal boundary vicinity of Charleston. Depending what type of front will determine the weather. Cold front- will push under warm air causing rise, convective activity and bands of storms along front. May be preceded by squall lines. Unstable front. Warm front - usually preceded by stratiform precipitation and fog, wx usually clears quickly after passage. Sometimes no cloudiness or precipitation Stable front
92
What weather can you expect as you cross a cold frontal boundry?
How does a Thunderstorm form?
Can expect thunderstorms and lines of precipitation to form along the boundary line. They are formed when warm moist air rises and forms towering cumulus and cumulonimbus clouds, rising air reaches dew point, water droplets and ice form and begin falling, cycle back into cloud from updraft. Stages Cumulus, mature, dissipating
93
What dangers are associated with thunderstorms?
Icing, hail, wind sheer, turbulence.
94
Is turbulence always associated with poor weather?
No, clear air turbulence is possible
95
AIM, GOM13
What is the minimum distance to stay away from a severe thunderstorm? Non severe thunderstorm?
20 nm per AIM 7-1-28 required by GOM Closer to non severe TS, GOM has table for guidance
96
GOM 13
If we inadvertently penetrate a TS, how should the aircraft be flown?
Slow to Va, wings level, accept altitude and heading changes, lower seat, tighten belts, turn up cockpit lights if at night.
97
What is a squall line
A non frontal narrow band of active thunderstorms
98
91.185
Lose radios passing storms about 70 miles from your destination IMC, what do you do?
Squawk 7600 Route - as assigned, vectored, expected, filed Altitude - Highest of MEA, expected, or assigned
99
If radios do not come back, what light gun signal would the tower give you to clear for approach and clear to land
Flashing green - Clear for approach Steady green - cleared to land
100
C77
Can we conduct this quick flight VFR?
No, only to pick up clearance within 50 miles and cancel with 10 miles
101
135.385/387 C049 GOM 6.4.9
What is DAA, what are our requirements to use it?
Destination Airport Analysis, need ops briefing APG data and Eligible on Demand Crew
102
135.385
For some reason the iPads are not working in flight and you need to calculate the Landin distances. What are the conversion factors.
80% Dry (1.25), must contact dispatch and receive approved 80% 60% Dry (1.67)
103
GOM/DAA
Can we use 80% DAA on a wet runway? Contaminated?
No, only dry runway
104
DAA/PERF
What do departure Procedures ensure?
Provide obstacle clearance 35' above departure end of runway climb to 400 feet at rate of 200 ft per nm (DER)
105
Are ODP's mandatory for 135 operations
Yes 135.379, 135.381, OPSPECS C077
106
Do you have to meet obstacle clearance requirements even single engine?
Yes, Part 135
107
FSG
What is your cutoff for departures as you approach max duty?
30 m minutes to allow time to post flight and close AML, etc. 15 Absolute minimum.
108
Jepp
If tower was not open, how could we get a clearance?
Call number in airport chart supplement, approach facility from ground using frequencies listed or by phone. FSS no longer relays clearances.
109
C077
For landing how far from an airport can we expect a visual approach? Cancel IFR?
35 nm 10 nm
110
AIM 91.117
Told to expect holding, what are the maximum speeds allowed in holding?
0-6000 ft = 200 KIAS, 6001-14,000 ft = 230 KIAS, 14001 and up = 265 KIAS
111
135.267
The holding will push you over the 10 hrs of flight time, can you continue? What will you need?
Yes, unexpected delay out of your control, require extra rest IAW 135.267
112
91.117
How do you fly when cleared on a STAR in Canada?
Descend via STAR, no specific clearance needed
113
What must you do if you file a flight plan from Canada but do not use it?
Cancel it
114
When arriving at an international destination, do you wait or stay in aircraft?
depends on arrival location, check crew notes or call ahead and ask
115
Radio Communication required for entering class D
Yes
116
FSG
What is a company policy related to airspeed?
When practical set Torque to 45% / 180 KIAS
117
C075
Circle to land scenario, can we accept? Why?
Yes, C075 allows, training
118
135.225
If vis goes below mins prior to FAF can you continue?
No
119
135.225
What is required to begin a IAP?
Visibility
120
135.225
If vis goes below mins prior to FAF can you continue?
No
121
135.225
If vis goes below mins after the FAF can you continue?
Yes, if conditions of 91.175 are met
122
91.175
You see only sequence flasher at MDA or DA, can you descend?
Yes, to 100 ft above TDZE using normal rate of descent.
123
91.175
What do you need to see to continue and land?
Runway (rwy, lights, markings) threshold (threshold, lights, markings), TDZ (tdz, lights, markings), REIL, VASI/PAPI
124
GOM 14
What is wind shear?
Shift in wind speed and direction in a relatively short distance. Squall lines and cold fronts can cause most likely. (GOM 13.4.6 through 13.4.6.12)
125
What is the wind shear escape maneuver?
Max power, pitch to stall/stick shaker, no config changes
126
GOM 14
What is the roll of the PM during a wind shear encounter?
airspeed and climb rate trend callouts
127
GOM 6
Where in the Gama Aviation GOM can you find our company SOP's?
Section 6k GOM or 6 FSG
128
FSG
Precision/Non Precision approach call outs
Per FSG
129
FSG
Can we land with braking action reported Poor? Nil?
Yes No
130
What are the 3 types of equal time points (ETP) ?
Medical, engine loss, rapid decompression
131
Where is CPDLC (Controller Pilot Data Link) required?
NAT between FL350 and FL390
132
What is the most critical ETP?
Rapid decompression
133
Are we allowed" extended over water operations" using a single long range communication system?
Yes, within a limited geographic area as and within the limitations, defined in Opspecs B045
134
What check should be accomplished at each Oceanic Control Area Boundary?
SELCAL Selective Call radio System
135
Where can you find the Tansition Altitude/Level?
On the approach plates and or the ATIS
136
What information does an Oceanic Clearance typically contain?
Route, Flight Level, and assigned Mach speed
137
When airborne, the primary altimeters must be within what tolerance?
200' of each other
138
What Tx code she be squawked 30 minutes after entering Oceanic Airspace?
2000 or whatever the controlling region requires
139
How is longitudinal separation maintained?
Maintaining assigned Mach number
140
What is the tolerance of the assigned Mach number?
Zero
141
What is SLOP?
Strategic Lateral Offset Procedure
142
How far off the centerline and in what direction should you fly if you have automatic offset capability?
At the PIC's discretion, 1 NM or 2 NM to the right
143
Why was SLOP developed?
To reduce the risk of collision and or wake turbulence
144
You must notify ATC if your time to next waypoint changes by how much time?
3 minutes
145
What VHF frequency to monitor?
121.5 and 123.45
146
What is the ICAO urgency call phrase?
PAN PAN
147
What is the ICAO Distress call phrase?
MAY DAY
