1.3.3 PART 1 Networks Flashcards
What’s a Personal area network
A connection of devices that are within a few metres of each other
What’s a Local area network
A single network covering in a small geographical area, connecting at least 2 devices
What’s a wide area network
A network that connects 2 or more networks over a wider geographical area.
How can networks be further classified
As either,
Peer-to-peer
Client-server
What’s a client
A program that typically runs on a device used by an end-user (laptop or phone)
What’s a server
A program on a computer that shares resources with or provides services to, any authorised client ( usually run 24/7 )
What’s a mainframe
A high-powered dedicated computer, able to handle lots of requests simultaneously
How does a client server network work
Clients send requests to the server
Server processes the request
The response is sent back to the client
What are the benefits of a client-server network?
Allows files and emails to be accessed from any authorized device on the network
What is a peer-to-peer network?
A network with no central servers, where every workstation can be configured to share its resources- e.g. files or software.
Devices communicate directly with each other!
What is a public telecommunications infrastructure?
A Wide area network that uses telecom links managed by ISPs and leases bandwidth from them.
What is the internet?
A global system of interconnected computer networks, that facilitates services, such as the WWW, via common set of protocols (TCP/IP stack)
How do Individuals / organizations connect to the internet?
An internet service provider (ISP) supplies a switch to a household
It offers a wide range of network features, connecting devices to the LAN
The ISP also supplies a router which manages the outgoing connection and directs data packets to their intended destination.
Providing an outgoing connection from the home network to the ISP network
Finally the ISP provides a modem which converts digital signals to analog signals for transmission over communication channels. Modems connect to the internet from internet service providers (ISPs)
What’s a router?
A networking device that forwards data packets between networks
What’s an edge router
A router that connects internal networks to external networks.
What are the two types of edge routers?
Subscriber routers and Enterprise routers
What are the features of a subscriber router?
It’s cheap
Allows for the use of multiple internet connections from different providers simultaneously, but not as many as an enterprise router
What are the features of an enterprise router?
Connects Large businesses and ISP networks to the internet
Powerful hardware
Expensive
Can support more users accessing the internet simultaneously than a Subscriber router
What’s a core router?
A router that’s part of the internets backbone
Has multiple interfaces, that can all work at the same speed simultaneously, routing data between different networks within the internal network infrastructure
What is a VPN?
It allows users to transmit data across public telecom networks, as if their devices were directly connected to the private network
What are internet registries?
They are companies that issue IP addresses to domain names, preventing DNS requests being confused.
What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6 addresses?
Ipv4 addresses consist of 4 octet values (4 8-bit values), each separated by a full stop.
IPv6 is an Internet Protocol (IP), that provides addresses using hexadecimal
What is a data packet
A portion of data to be transported containing, a header, and payload: The actual message itself
What is packet switching
A method of sending data over a network by breaking messages/data into smaller pieces called packets
The use of small packets allows a data path to be shared
Different packets can be sent over different routes, minimizing cluttering
