1.3.3 Networks Flashcards
What is a network?
Two or more computers connected
together that transmit data
What are protocols?
Sets of rules defining how two devices
communicate with each other
Why are protocols standard?
Protocols are standard so devices from
different manufacturers don’t have
problems communicating
Describe the structure of the Internet
The Internet is a global network of
interconnected networks
What does TCP stand for?
Transmission Control Protocol
What does IP stand for?
Internet Protocol
What is the function of the application layer during data transmission?
The Application Layer specifies what
protocols need to be used to relate the
application to what it’s being used for.
What is the role of the transport layer during data transmission?
Establishes an end-to-end connection
between the source and recipient
computers. It also splits up the data into
packets.
What is the role of the network layer during data transmission?
Adds the source and destination IP
address.
What does the application layer do
when it receives data?
Presents data in the form it was sent
What does the transport layer do when it receives the data?
Removes the port number and
reassembles the packets.
What does the network layer do when it receives the data?
Removes the IP address
What does the link layer do when it receives the Data?
Removes the MAC addresses
What is a Local Area Network?
A network spread over a small
geographical area/ positioned on a single
site
What is a wide area network?
A network spread over a large
geographical area, usually requiring
extra hardware.
What does DNS stand for?
Domain Name System
What is DNS?
The name given to the method of naming
internet resources. (.com, .uk etc)
What is circuit switching?
The process of creating a direct link
between two devices and transferring
data the entire duration of the link.
What is a requirement of circuit
switching?
The transfer and download rates must be
identical on both devices.
What is packet switching?
A method of communicating packets of
data across a network
Give an advantage of packet switching
- Multiple methods to ensure data arrives correctly,
- Multiple methods to arrive to destination, if one breaks you
can always go through another route. - Transfer packets over a very large network
Give a disadvantage of packet switching
- Time is spent deconstructing and
reconstructing the packets
Give an advantage of circuit switching
- Data arrives in logical order which results in a quicker reconstruction of data,
- Enables two users to hold a call without any delay in speech.
Give two disadvantages of circuit switching
- Bandwidth is wasted during periods when no data is sent
- Devices must transfer and download at the same rate
- Switches introduce electrical interference which can corrupt or destroy data
