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Computing > 1.3.2 - Wired/Wireless, Protocols & Layers > Flashcards

1.3.2 - Wired/Wireless, Protocols & Layers Flashcards

1
Q

What is an Ethernet?

A
  • A Wired Network
  • Used for communicating on a LAN
  • A standard for network technologies
  • A family of protocols for networking local area networks
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2
Q

What are the advantages / disadvantages of the Ethernet?

A

A:
- Includes protocols & provides reliable, fast communication between two points
D:
- User location is limited by the need for a physical cable connection
- Ethernet relies on lots of cables, connections, ports etc. which affects costs

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3
Q

What are Wifi & Bluetooth?

A
  • Wireless networks
    Wifi:
  • Wifi has a larger range than bluetooth (100m > 10m)
  • A suite of protocols allowing devices to connect to a wireless network
    Bluetooth:
  • A method of exchanging data wirelessly over short distances, (much shorter than Wi-Fi)
  • Protocol for the transmission of data using short-wavelength UHF radio waves
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4
Q

What are the advantages of WiFi?

A
  • Users can move around freely
  • Easier & less expensive to set up
  • Convenient
  • Can handle large number of users
  • Transferring info is much easier
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5
Q

What are the disadvantages of WiFi?

A
  • Slower speed than wired networks
  • Relies on signal strength
  • Signal can be obstructed
  • Less secure
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6
Q

What are the advantages / disadvantages of Bluetooth?

A
  • Ideal for connecting personal devices
  • Short range (10m)
  • Low power consumption compared to WiFi
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7
Q

What is a Wired Connection?

A

Media for physically connecting network end points

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8
Q

What is a Wireless Connection?

A

Any connection made between two or more devices which does not involve the need for a physical connection

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9
Q

What is Encryption?

A

Encoding readable data called plaintext into unreadable data called ciphertext using a key

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10
Q

Why is Encryption important?

A
  • Wireless Networks broadcast data, so it needs to be encrypted to be secure
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11
Q

How does Encryption work?

A
  • Data is scrambles into cipher text using a master key created from the SSID and password
  • Decrypted by receiver using the same master key, so key is not transmitted
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12
Q

What is an IP Address?

A

Used to route packets on a WAN
A unique string of numbers separated by full stops that identify each computer using the Internet Protocol to communicate over a network

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13
Q

What are the formats of an IP Address?

A

IPv4:
- 32 bits, 4 numbers in range 0-255
eg. 128.69.1.0

IPv6:
- 128 bits, eight groups of hex values
eg. 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:9a2e:0370:7334

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14
Q

What is a MAC Address?

A
  • Assigned to devices & used to route frames on a LAN
  • Unique to every network interface card
  • A unique identifier assigned to a network interface card for communications at the data link layer of a local network
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15
Q

What are Standards?

A

A set of specifications for hardware & software

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16
Q

Why are standards useful?

A
  • It allows manufacturers & producers to create products and services that are compatible
  • Most devices wouldn’t be able to successfully communicate/interact without standards
17
Q

What is a Protocol?

A

A set of rules that allows two devices to communicate

18
Q

TCP/IP

A

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
- TCP Provides error free transmission between two routers
- IP Routes packets across a WAN
- Both make the TCP/IP protocol stack

19
Q

HTTP

A

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
- A client-server method of requesting & delivering HTML web pages

20
Q

HTTPS

A

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure
- Encryption and authentication for requesting & delivering HTML web pages
- Used when secure info needs to be transferred, like bank details

21
Q

FTP

A

File Transfer Protocol
- Sends files between computers, usually on a WAN

22
Q

POP

A

Post Office Protocol
- Retrieves emails from a mail server, removes it & transfers to your device

23
Q

SMTP

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
- Sends emails to an email server

24
Q

IMAP

A

Internet Message Access Protocol
- Used by mail clients to manage remote mail boxes & retrieve emails from a mail server

25
Q

What is Layering?

A

Divide a complex task of networking into smaller, simpler tasks that work with each other

26
Q

What are the advantages of Layering?

A
  • Reduces complexity of the problem into manageable sub-programs
  • Devices can be manufactured to operate at a particular layer
  • Products from different vendors will work together
27
Q

How layers are used in protocols

A

Layer
4 : Browser using HTTPS
3 : TCP Error Handling
2 : IP Routing
1 : MAC Frames sent over

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