13.2 Stereoisomerism Flashcards
What is a stereoisomer?
Have the same structural formula but a different arrangement of the atoms in space.
What are the types of stereoisomerism?
E/Z isomerism
Optical isomerism
What type of compounds does E/Z isomerism occur in?
Compounds with a double carbon to carbon bond.
Why does E/Z isomerism occur?
The rotation around the double bond is restricted and the groups attached to each carbon atom are fixed relative to one another.
Why are the groups around the carbon double bond rigid?
The position of the pie bond’s electron density above and below the plane of the sigma bond.
What is used to describe a special case of E/Z isomerism?
Cis/Trans isomerism
What are the conditions of E/Z isomers?
Carbon double bond
Different groups attached to each carbon atom of the double bond.
What is a cis isomer?
Has hydrogen atoms on each carbon atom on the same side
What is a trans isomer?
Has hydrogen atoms on each carbon on opposite sides.
What is cis-trans isomerism?
A special type of E/Z isomerism in which there are two non-hydrogen groups and two hydrogen atoms around the carbon double bond.
What isomer is the cis isomer?
Z isomer (zame side)
What isomer is the trans isomer?
E isomer
