1.3.2 [Major Paradigm Shifts in Science and Technology]

Question 1

In ancient times, the belief was that the Earth was the center of the universe

Answer 1

Shift from Geocentrism to Heliocentrism (Ancient to Renaissance)

Question 2

The Renaissance brought about the heliocentric model, proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus, which placed the Sun at the center.

Answer 2

Shift from Geocentrism to Heliocentrism (Ancient to Renaissance)

Question 3

This marked a shift in understanding celestial motions and laid the foundation for modern astronomy.

Answer 3

Shift from Geocentrism to Heliocentrism (Ancient to Renaissance)

Question 4

challenged reliance on traditional authorities and introduced empirical observations and experimentation as key methods of inquiry

Answer 4

Scientific Revolution

Question 5

Figures like Galileo Galilei and Johannes Kepler pioneered new approaches to understanding planetary motion and physics.

Answer 5

Scientific Revolution

Question 6

transformed societies from agrarian to industrialized economies.

Answer 6

Industrial Revolution

Question 7

Innovations in machinery, steam power, and mass production revolutionized manufacturing, leading to urbanization and profound societal changes.

Answer 7

Industrial Revolution

Question 8

Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection transformed the understanding of life’s diversity.

Answer 8

Theory of Evolution

Question 9

It proposed that species change over time through adaptation and natural selection, challenging traditional views and laying the groundwork for modern biology.

Answer 9

Theory of Evolution

Question 10

altering the understanding of the behavior of matter and energy at the subatomic level. It introduced concepts like quantization and wave-particle duality, leading to groundbreaking technologies and reshaping our understanding of reality.

Answer 10

Quantum Mechanics

Question 11

brought about computers, the internet, and advanced information technologies.

Answer 11

Digital Revolution

Question 12

This shift transformed communication, data processing, and information sharing, leading to interconnected societies and a vast array of digital tools.

Answer 12

Digital Revolution

Question 13

represents a significant paradigm shift, involving the creation of machines that can simulate human intelligence

Answer 13

Emergence of Artificial Intelligence

Question 14

AI encompasses tasks like machine learning, data analysis, and decision-making, with far-reaching impacts on various sectors and industries.

Answer 14

emergence of AI

Question 15

Ancient to Renaissance

Answer 15

Shift from Geocentrism to Heliocentrism

Question 16

16th to 17th centuries

Answer 16

Scientific Revolution

Question 17

18th to 19th centuries

Answer 17

Industrial Revolution

Question 18

19th Century

Answer 18

Theory of Evolution

Question 19

20th Century

Answer 19

Quantum Mechanics

Question 20

20th to 21st centuries

Answer 20

Digital Revolution

Question 21

20th to 21st centuries

Answer 21

Emergence of AI