1.3.2 capturing data

Question 1

what are the capturing data methods?

Answer 1

• form
• OMR (optical mark recognition)
• OCR (optical character recognition)
• sensors

Question 2

forms

Answer 2

• we collect the user inputs.
• organise the data in structured format
• commonly used in websites.

Question 3

OMR

Answer 3

• detect marked areas on paper using special machines to read the marks.
• used for exams, lottery tickets and surveys.
• data is collected and entered automatically.

Question 4

OCR

Answer 4

• convert printed or handwritten text into digital text.
• useful for digesting documents.
• assist in searching or editing text.

Question 5

sensors

Answer 5

• sensors are devices that detect and respond to changes in the environment.
• it converts physical signals into digital signals/data.
• it automatically collects and transmit data, and real-time monitoring (provide up-to-the-minute information about a system or environment)

Question 6

Selecting and managing data

Answer 6

between the database and the program/person using the program, there is a layer called a database management system. DBMS makes sure that a database is manipulated in a consistent way while ensuring accuracy and security.

Question 7

methods of selecting and managing data:

Answer 7

SQL: SQL is a language used to select and update data using commands.
QBE: in QBE a user will have a graphical interface where required fields can be dropped, and also allowing the user to set up conditions to filter the result.

Question 8

exchanging data

Answer 8

when exchanging data, it is preferable to use standard data format.
examples:
- SQL
- CVS
- XML
- JSON

Question 9

SQL

Answer 9

SQL is used to transfer data from one system to another.
DTMS generate a sequence of SQL instructions that, when run on a DTMS receiver create relevant tables, relationship and insert data.

Question 10

CVS

Answer 10

CVS is a simple way of exchanging data.
each field is separated by a comma which makes it easy to store and transfer.

Question 11

XLM

Answer 11

XLM is a markup language that uses tags to designate (specify) what different things within the documents are. in the case of database, each record could be enclosed within tags, and inside those each field is enclosed within further tags.

Question 12

JSON

Answer 12

JSON is a format that represent things as objects (within objects). in the case of database, each record is an object that can contain an array of objects that represent fields.
JSON is useful when sending data to a javascript program, as java script can read the data directly.