1302 Study Guide Ch. 19-23

Question 1

Between 1901 and 1920, the United States intervened militarily numerous times in Caribbean counties:

Answer 1

in order to protect the economic interests of American banks and investors.

Question 2

Theodore Roosevelt’s taking of the Panama Canal Zone is an example of:

Answer 2

his belief that civilized nations had an obligation to establish order in an unruly world.

Question 3

Which of the following assessments of the Roosevelt Corollary is accurate?

Answer 3

It held that the United States had the right to exercise an international police power.

Question 4

Why did World War I transform Western civilization so profoundly?

Answer 4

The mass slaughter of World War I was hard to reconcile with the optimist claim that Western civilization was the triumph of reason and human progress.

Question 5

When American troops finally arrived in Europe:

Answer 5

they helped push back a German offensive near Paris.

Question 6

Most Progressives saw World War I as a golden othey hoped to disseminate Progressive values around the globe.pportunity because:

Answer 6

they believed that the United States would profit from the war.

Question 7

During World War I, the federal government:

Answer 7

increased corporate and individual income taxes.

Question 8

The Committee on Public Information:

Answer 8

was a government agency that sought to shape public opinion.

Question 9

What did employers, urban reformers, and women reformers hope Prohibition would achieve during the war years?

Answer 9

Peace and order on the home front.

Question 10

The Espionage Act (1917) and the Sedition Act (1918):

Answer 10

were the first federal restrictions on free speech since 1798.

Question 11

The American Protective League:

Answer 11

worked with the Justice Department to identify radicals.

Question 12

Eugenics is the:

Answer 12

study of the supposed mental characteristics of different races.

Question 13

Why did Americanization programs often target women?

Answer 13

They understood women as the bearers and transmitters of culture.

Question 14

During World War I, Americans reacted to German-Americans and Germans in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

Answer 14

the federal government barred German immigration to the United States.

Question 15

During his presidency, Woodrow Wilson:

Answer 15

dismissed numerous black federal employees.

Question 16

The “Declaration of Principles” adopted by W. E. B. Du Bois’s Niagara Movement:

Answer 16

called for complete economic and educational equality.

Question 17

In response to the Russian Revolution that led to the creation of the communist Soviet Union, the United States:

Answer 17

pursued a policy of anticommunism that would remain throughout the twentieth century.

Question 18

What triggered the surge of conservative governments in central Europe at the end of World War I?

Answer 18

A worldwide revolutionary upsurge.

Question 19

Which statement about the Red Scare is FALSE?

Answer 19

It resulted in a wave of sympathy for persecuted workers.

Question 20

Woodrow Wilson’s efforts at the Versailles peace conference in Paris:

Answer 20

did not include support for the independence of peoples still under British and French colonial rule.

Question 21

Liberalism during the New Deal came to be understood as:

Answer 21

active government to uplift less fortunate members of society.

Question 22

The first thing that Roosevelt attended to as president was the ___________ crisis.

Answer 22

banking

Question 23

The National Industrial Recovery Act:

Answer 23

established codes that set standards for production, prices, and wages in several industries.

Question 24

The Civilian Conservation Corps:

Answer 24

put young men to work in national parks.

Question 25

Which of the following is the most accurate characterization of FDR’s New Deal philosophy?

Answer 25

FDR preferred to create jobs that improved the nation’s infrastructure.

Question 26

The Tennessee Valley Authority:

Answer 26

combined economic regional planning with relief.

Question 27

Why did President Franklin D. Roosevelt dissolve the Civil Works Administration?

Answer 27

Complaints multiplied that this measure was contributing to a permanent class of government dependents.

Question 28

Which of the following offers the best description of the “First New Deal”?

Answer 28

It was essentially a set of policy experiments that had mixed results.

Question 29

Which two New Deal programs did the Supreme Court rule unconstitutional?

Answer 29

Agricultural Adjustment Act and National Recovery Administration.

Question 30

Which statement is true about the UAW sit-down strikes in Flint, Michigan?

Answer 30

The workers stayed inside the plants and kept the machines in working order.

Question 31

The Share Our Wealth movement was:

Answer 31

led by Louisiana senator Huey Long and gained a national following.

Question 32

The Second New Deal:

Answer 32

focused on economic security.

Question 33

The Wagner Act:

Answer 33

allowed the National Labor Relations Board to supervise union elections.

Question 34

The Social Security Act of 1935:

Answer 34

included pensions and unemployment relief.

Question 35

In fireside chats and public addresses, President Roosevelt connected freedom with:

Answer 35

economic security.

Question 36

Why did Roosevelt’s Republican challenger Alfred Landon fail in his bid for the presidency in 1936?

Answer 36

He faced a powerful new political coalition that would deliver Republicans plenty of defeats for the next few decades.

Question 37

Why did FDR try to change the balance of power on the Supreme Court?

Answer 37

He feared the Supreme Court might invalidate the Wagner and Social Security acts.

Question 38

The Fair Labor Standards Act instituted all of the following changes EXCEPT it:

Answer 38

established the fifty-hour workweek.

Question 39

Which of the following statements best assesses the fate of feminism during the New Deal?

Answer 39

Given the broad consensus that the job claims of male providers superseded women’s, organized feminism essentially disappeared.

Question 40

The New Deal will be remembered in American history:

Answer 40

for recasting the idea of American freedom to include a public guarantee of economic security for ordinary people.

Question 41

The Four Freedoms:

Answer 41

were President Roosevelt’s statement of the Allied war aims.

Question 42

Which of the following statements best describes Japan’s overseas actions in the 1930s?

Answer 42

Japan invaded China in 1931 and 1937 to expand its military and economic power.

Question 43

Which of the following does NOT explain why Americans hoped to avoid involvement in the war in Europe?

Answer 43

It was clear to most people that there was little possibility of an Allied victory.

Question 44

In 1940, the “cash and carry” plan:

Answer 44

allowed Great Britain to purchase U.S. arms on a restricted basis.

Question 45

The Lend-Lease Act:

Answer 45

authorized military aid to those fighting against Germany and Japan.

Question 46

After the United States entered World War II:

Answer 46

Americans experienced a series of military losses.

Question 47

In the United States during World War II:

Answer 47

unemployment declined, production soared, and income taxes increased.

Question 48

How did World War II change the role of corporations in American life?

Answer 48

Technological innovation and high productivity in the war effort restored the reputation of corporations from its Depression lows.

Question 49

Women working in defense industries during the war:

Answer 49

made up one-third of the West Coast workers in aircraft manufacturing and shipbuilding.

Question 50

What does Henry Luce see as the cure for America in his book The American Century?

Answer 50

For America to exert its influence on the world.

Question 51

The GI Bill of Rights:

Answer 51

included scholarships for education for veterans.

Question 52

On what grounds did the Austrian-born economist Friedrich A. Hayek reject the New Deal state?

Answer 52

He was convinced that even the best intentioned government planning efforts would threaten individual liberties.

Question 53

How did “Patriotic Assimilation” differ from “Americanization”?

Answer 53

Patriotic assimilation described the American way of life, where people of different backgrounds could live together in freedom and unite as a people.

Question 54

Under the bracero program:

Answer 54

Mexicans were encouraged to immigrate, but they were denied the right of citizenship.

Question 55

The “zoot suit” riots of 1943:

Answer 55

highlighted the limits of racial tolerance during World War II.

Question 56

The 1943 Texas Caucasian Race-Equal Privileges resolution:

Answer 56

allowed Mexicans equal treatment in public accommodations, while still segregating blacks.

Question 57

Which statement about the Japanese-American internment is FALSE?

Answer 57

Once their loyalty was proven, they were free to leave.

Question 58

During World War II, African-Americans:

Answer 58

witnessed the birth of the modern civil rights movement.

Question 59

How did the struggle against Nazi tyranny discredit racial inequality in the United States?

Answer 59

The contradictions between the principle and practice of freedom in the actual status of African-Americans came to the forefront during the war.