1.3 The Psychological Story

Question 1

Rationalism

Answer 1

Rationalism holds that all knowledge could be gained through the use of reason alone. Although rationalism is frequently equated with logical thinking, the two are not identical. Rationalism considers such issues as the meaning of life, whereas logic does not, it relies simply on inductive reasoning and not personal mental states.

Question 2

Empiricism

Answer 2

is the idea that all knowledge comes from sensory experience, that the brain begins life as a blank slate.

Question 3

associationism

Answer 3

Ebbinghaus was the first to study associationism, and said that complex processes like memory could be measured and analyzed

Question 4

behaviorism

Answer 4

learning was the key and everybody had the same neural equipment on which learning could build. that psychology could only be objective when it was based upon observable behavior

Question 5

Montreal procedure

Answer 5

for treating epilepsy, in which you surgically destroy the neurons in the brain that produce the seizures. Later Hebb joint this idea and experiment and wrote the well-known neuroscience mantra ‘cells that fire together, wire together’