13-Particle And Nuclear Physics

Question 1

Mass defect

Answer 1

Difference between total mass of individual, separate nucleons and the mass of the nucleus

Question 2

Binding energy

Answer 2

The minimum external energy required to separate all the buttons and protons of a nucleus

Question 3

Binding energy per nucleon of a nucleus

Answer 3

Ratio of total binding energy to its nucleon number

Question 4

Anomie mass unit

Answer 4

1/12 of the mass of a carbon 12 atom. Approximately 1.661 x 10^-27 kg

Question 5

Fission

Answer 5

Process in which massive nucleus splits into 2 smaller fragments.

Question 6

Fusion

Answer 6

Process by which 2 very light nuclei join together to form a heavier nucleus.

Question 7

random process

Answer 7

impossible to predict and each nucleus has same probability of decaying per unit time

Question 8

spontaneous process

Answer 8

Not affected by external factors such as presence of other nuclei, temperature, pressure

Question 9

Activity of a radioactive sample

Answer 9

rate at which nuclei decay or disintegrate

Question 10

Decay constant

Answer 10

Probability that an individual nucleus will decay per unit time interval.