Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GCSE OCR Computer Science > 1.3 Networks > Flashcards

1.3 Networks Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards Biology 101 flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards
1
Q

What are standalone computers?

A

Computers not connected to a network.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the advantages of networking standalone computers together?

A

1) Users can share files and peripherals.

2) Users can access their files from any computer on the network.

3) Server can control security, software updates and backup of data.

4) Communication with others e.g. email and social network.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are computers in a LAN connected with?

A

Switch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does a LAN cover?

A

A small geographical area located on a single site.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does a LAN cover the area?

A

Wired through a UTP cable, fibre optic or wireless, using WIFI/ radio waves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does a WAN connect LAN’s together?

A

Infrastructure between LAN hired from telecommunication companies who own and manage it.

Connected with telephone lines, fibre optic cables or satellite links.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are computers in a WAN connected with?

A

Router

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the disadvantages of networking?

A

1) Increased security risk to data.

2) Malware and viruses spread easier between computers.

3) If a server fails, computers connected to it may not work.

4) Computer might run slowly if there’s lots of data travelling on it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define bandwidth

A

How much data can be transferred over a connection in a given time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the two types of copper Ethernet cable used at the moment?

A

1) Cat-5
(slower: 100 Mbps)

2) Cat-6
(faster: 1Gbps)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is bandwidth shared between users?

A

Through internal networks and WAN.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why is fiber optic cable good and bad?

A

Faster; more expensive.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do fiber optic cables transfer data?

A

By reflecting beams of light through one end of the cable to the other.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What can effect wi-fi performance?

A

Latency: Max. speed a connection can go.

Throughput: Amount of traffic a network can carry at a time.

Packet Loss: Glitches, errors, or network overloading might result in the loss of data packets.

Retransmission: When packet loss does occur, those lost packets are retransmitted.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the two radio bands for wi-fi?

A

2.4 and 5GHz.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Is wireless or wired network cheaper?

A

Wireless (wi-fi) - Only needs WAP for its set up.

Wired network - Cost more to set up in a building
(cable management).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define hub

A

A basic networking device that connects computers on the network
(cables connect the computer to ports on the hub).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How is a hub different from a switch and router?

A

It has no routing tables nor intelligence on where to send information.

Broadcasts all network data across each connection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Define switch

A

Similar to a router; directs network traffic only to the intended recipient not across every connection, helping in data collisions.

Builds up a table of addresses of the computers on the network.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Define router

A

Device for connecting computers and other network capable devices together to form a network.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does a WAP allow?

A

Wireless devices to connect to a network (LAN or WAN) through Bluetooth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do WAP’s provide?

A

Internet access in public places (often known as wi-fi hotspots).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What happens when a data packet arrives at a switch?

A

Its destination address is examined.
Switch creates a direct connection to that device.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How do routers allow packets from different network types to be exchanged?

A

1) They examine IP addresses of packets using a subnet mask.

2) The subnet mask determines which network the packet should be forwarded to using the routing table.

3) The routing table has a list of IP addresses and common routes for packets to take.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What does the network interface card allow?

A

1) A computer to connect to a wireless network.

2) Data packets to travel to and from a computer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What does a network interface card contain?

A

A MAC address:
Physical hardware address and is unique to that computer

27
Q

What is the difference between a client model and peer to peer model?

A

Client server is a network that uses a server and peer to peer model doesn’t.

28
Q

What are the properties of a client-server model?

A

1) Manages internet access and printing jobs.

2) Controls access and security to one shared file store.

3) Provides email services.

4) Runs backup of data.

5) Requests data and connections to the server.

29
Q

What is easier when using a client server?

A

1) Managing security of files.

2) Taking backups of all shared data.

3) Installing software updates to all computers.

30
Q

What is easier when using a client server?

A

1) Managing security of files.

2) Taking backups of all shared data.

3) Installing software updates to all computers.

31
Q

What are the disadvantages of using a client server?

A

1) Expensive to set up and maintain

2) Requires IT specialists to maintain

3) If the servers fail, users will lose access

32
Q

What is a peer to peer model?

A

Multiple computers that can share and connect to each other but there is no central server managing it.

33
Q

What is a peer and what do they serve?

A

A computer on the network and is equal to all other peers who serve their own files to each other and are responsible for their own security and backup.

34
Q

What are the advantages of a peer to peer model?

A

1) Easy to maintain – specialist staff aren’t required.

2) Doesn’t depend on a single computer.

3) Cheaper to set up – no expensive hardware required.

35
Q

What are the disadvantages of a peer to peer model?

A

1) Network is less secure.

2) Users manage their own security and backup.

3) Difficult to maintain a well ordered file store.

36
Q

What is a computer network?

A

A group of computer systems and other devices linked together so that they can communicate and share resources such as printers

37
Q

True/False: Computers on a network can share printers

A

True

38
Q

Networks can be as small as…

A

two computers and a printer in a home network

39
Q

What does WAN stand for?

A

Wide area network

40
Q

Define topology

A

The technology behind the connected devices.

41
Q

What is a mesh network?

A

Full – All devices are connected to each other.

Partial – Not all devices are connected to each other.

42
Q

What are the advantages of a mesh network?

A

1) No single point where the network can fail:
If the node in the route fails, the packet is sent a different way.

2) Can handle high volumes of traffic (why it’s faster).

3) Adding more nodes won’t hinder the process as all nodes help to transmit data.

43
Q

What are the disadvantages of a mesh network?

A

1) Expensive to set up - needs a lot of cables.

2) Hard to manage.

44
Q

What is a star network?

A

Each device is connected by an individual cable directly to the server.

45
Q

What are the advantages of a star network?

A

1) If a device fails, the rest of the network is unaffected.

2) Simple to add new devices.

3) Good performance.

4) Fewer data collisions.

5) Easier to manage from a central point.

46
Q

What are the disadvantages of a star network?

A

1) Switch depends on the network (switch dies = network dies).

2) Can be expensive for cables.

47
Q

Define encryption

A

A method of scrambling data with a key code which makes no sense.

48
Q

Why is encryption used?

A

So if anyone intercepts other people’s packets, they would make no sense (the key is need to decrypt the packets).

49
Q

What is packet switching?

A

Process of breaking down data and sending it in smaller “packets” then reassembling the data at the receiving end.

50
Q

What are the contents of the packets?

A

1) IP of origin location.

2) IP of destination.

3) Order (of packets).

4) Check Sum (checks correct number of packets have been).

51
Q

Which route do the packets take?

A

The fastest route; not the shortest (often differs for each packet).

52
Q

What does the sending device do?

A

Splits data into equal sized packets which will be given:
- A number
- The IP address of the receiver’s device
- Error checking data.

The packets are sent across the network to the receiver’s device.

53
Q

What does the receiving device do?

A

1) Checks if all the packets have been received.
If they’re not received, it keeps checking.

2) Increments a timer and if the packets aren’t received in time, it sends timeout to the sender’s device.

3) If they are received, they order the packets numerically and display the sent thing.

54
Q

What is an IP address?

A

A unique string of numbers separated by full stops that identifies each computer using the internet protocol to communicate over a network.

55
Q

What does a Media Access Control address do?

A

Uniquely identifies a device on a network by identifying the network adapter that the device is using and assigns the IP address.

Each address is individual and is made up of 48 bits, written in hexadecimal for ease.

56
Q

Why can’t the owner change the MAC address?

A

Because it’s embedded into the device when it’s manufactured.

57
Q

What is a network protocol?

A

Defines rules and standards for data transmission.

58
Q

What is the TCP/ IP network protocol?

A

TCP/ IP (Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol):
Finds how data is sent and received over the internet.

59
Q

What are the client - server protocols?

A

HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol):
Makes the website work and defines how multimedia web pages are transferred over the internet.

HTTPS (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure);
A more secure version of HTTP (adds another layer).

60
Q

What is the transfer files protocol?

A

FTP (File Transfer Protocol):
Transfers files between computers on the network.

61
Q

What are the mail protocols?

A

POP (Post Office Protocol) - Old
Retrieves emails from a remote mail server (local to the device) and must be downloaded to the device for it to be viewed.

IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) - New
Retrieves emails and the server holds it until it’s deleted.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol).
Sends emails between servers.

62
Q

What are the 4 different layers of TCP/IP?

A

1) Application Layer
Encodes data being sent so recipient understands it.

2) Transport Layer
Splits data into packets and adds info i.e. packet order and total no. of packets.

3) Network / Internet Layer
Attaches IP address of sender so recipient knows who sent it.

4) Link Layer
Attaches MAC address of sender and recipient, allowing packet to be directed to a specific device on a LAN.

63
Q

Why use layers?

A

1) It’s self - contained.

2) Allows different developers to concentrate on 1 aspect of the network.

3) A layer can be removed and edited without affecting other layers.

4) It promotes interoperability between vendors and systems.

GCSE OCR Computer Science (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions