1.3 Networking

Question 1

What’s a LAN + 2 qualities of it

Answer 1

Local area Network

Covers a small geographical area, owns its own hardware

Question 2

What’s a WAN + 2 qualities

Answer 2

Wide Area Network

Covers a large geographical area, hires it’s hardware, has an admin team

Question 3

What’s a NIC (Network Interface Card)

Answer 3

Internal piece of hardware that allows a device to connect a network

Question 4

What’s a switch

Answer 4

Connects devices on a LAN,
Receives frames of data from devices and transmits that data using the MAC address

Question 5

What’s a router

Answer 5

Direct data on the internet with a routing table- - - - -by directing packets to their correct destination

Question 6

What’s an Ethernet cable

Answer 6

Connects devices to a network

Question 7

What’s a coaxial cable

Answer 7

A single copper wire surrounded by a plastic layer or insulation and a metallic mesh which provides protection

Question 8

What’s a fibre optic cable- what does it transmit data as and what qualities does it have?

Answer 8

Transmit data as light.

High performance, expensive, transmit data over very large distances

Question 9

What’s Bluetooth

Answer 9

Provides a direct connection between two devices so data can be shared

Low bandwidth, range of 10 meters

Question 10

What’s Wi-Fi

Answer 10

Can be used by multiple devices to connect to LANs

High bandwidth compared to Bluetooth, range of 40-100 metres

Question 11

What’s a WAP.

Answer 11

Wireless Access Point, a hardware device that allows wireless-capable devices to connect to a wired network

Question 12

What’s a client- server network?

Answer 12

The devices connected to it are clients

Managed by a server,
files and software stored centrally,
clients send requests to server

Question 13

What’s a peer-to-peer network

Answer 13

All devices are equal, connection directly to each other without a server.

Files stored on individual devices and can be shared with others

Question 14

What’s a star topology

Answer 14

All devices connected to a central switch or server.
The central switch allows many devices to access the server simultaneously

Question 15

What’s a mesh topology

Answer 15

No central connection, each node is connected to at least one other node and usually more than 1

Question 16

What’s a network protocol + examples

Answer 16

A set of rules for how devices communicate and how data is transmitted across a network

TCP/IP, HTTP(S), FTP, POP3, IMAP, SMTP

Question 17

What’s a MAC address

Answer 17

A unique identifier so a device can be found on a network. Assigned by manufacturer

Question 18

What’s an IP address

Answer 18

Used when sending data between networks so it knows where the data has been sent from or to

Question 19

What’s a TCP/IP

Answer 19

Transmission Control Protocol/IP

Sets rules about how devices connect.

It splits data into packets and reassembles them back into the original data. The zip directs packets to their destination

Question 20

What’s HTTP(S)

Answer 20

Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
Used by web browsers to access websites and communicate with web servers.
HTTPS is more secure as all data is encrypted

Question 21

What’s FTP

Answer 21

File transfer protocol used to access, edit and move files between devices on networks

Question 22

What’s POP3

Answer 22

Post Office Protocol used to retrieve emails from a server.
The server holds the email until you download it, it’s then deleted from the server

Question 23

IMAP

Answer 23

Internet Message Access Protocol
Retrieves emails from a server. The server holds the email until you delete it- you only download a copy

Question 24

What’s SMTP

Answer 24

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol used to send emails.

Also used to transfer emails between servers

Question 25

What are layers

Answer 25

A group of protocols which have the same function.

Question 26

What’s the internet and what’s it an example of?

Answer 26

A network of networks.
Example of a WAN which is based on the TCP/IP protocol.

Question 27

What’s the World Wide Web

Answer 27

A collection of websites that are hosted on web servers and accessed by using the HTTP protocol

Question 28

What’s a DNS

Answer 28

Domain Server Name translate a website domain name into its IP address

Question 29

What’s the cloud

Answer 29

Software and services that run on the internet instead of locally on your computer

Question 30

What’s hosting

Answer 30

In order to let other people see a website, it will be placed on a web server. This is known as hosting

Question 31

What’s layering

Answer 31

To break up the sending of messages into separate components and activities ( each component handles a different part of the communication) (referred to as TCP/IP)

Question 32

What are the 4 layers in order

Answer 32

1. Application
   2.Link
2. Network
   4.Transport

Question 33

What does the application layer do

Answer 33

Encode/decode the message in a form that’s understood by the sender and recipient

Question 34

What does the Data Link layer do?

Answer 34

Enables the transfer of packets between nodes on a network, and between one network and another

Question 35

What does the network layer do

Answer 35

Adds senders Ip address and that of the recipient. Network then knows where to send the message, and where it came from

Question 36

What does the transport layer do?

Answer 36

Breaks down the message into packets(small chunks). Each packet given a packet number, recipient uses this information to reassemble the packets together in the correct order.

Question 37

What’s a standard

Answer 37

Minimum requirements for how a network works?

Question 38

What does url stand for

Answer 38

Uniform resource locator