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Cold War unit 3 > 13 days of the missile crisis > Flashcards

13 days of the missile crisis Flashcards

1
Q

14 Oct 1962

A

U2 flight showed evidence of soviet missiles on cuba

-Escalated tension
-CIA didn’t brief Kennedy until 2 days after the discovery of the missiles.

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2
Q

15 Oct 1962

A

Soviet ambassador denied to US that IL-28 bombers were being deployed to Cuba

-Escalated tension
-Soviets to blame as they’re denying responsibility

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3
Q

16 Oct 1962

A

Kennedy shown photographs of missile launch sites on Cuba
-Escalated tension
-Soviets to blame as they were caught lying about the missiles
-Kennedy to blame as his immediate reaction was to bomb them.

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4
Q

16 oct 1962

A

Discussions with ExComm revealed US air strikes would need 24 hours warning + chances of complete success were minimal

-Escalated tension
-US to blame as they had a more aggressive approach to try get rid of the missiles

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5
Q

16 Oct 1962

A

Khrushchev met with US ambassador, stated he planned to attend the UN General assembly session in Nov where he’d like to agree on West Berlin w/ Kennedy

-Eased tensions
-Krushchev was attempting to peacefully cooperate.

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6
Q

17 Oct 1962

A

-CIA report analysed options for Kennedy: ignoring deployment, issuing a warning, naval blockade, declaring war + an invasion

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7
Q

17 Oct 1962

A

Stevenson sent a letter to Kennedy recommending that the position of all missile bases must be negotiable

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8
Q

18 Oct 1962

A

Kennedy met with Gromyko: neither side explicitly mentioned the missiles.
-Kennedy described the situation as “the most dangerous development since the end of the war”

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9
Q

18 Oct 1962

A

Gromyko’s first cable to Moscow concerning the conversation and Kennedys expressed concerns was alarming: an in explicit warning to krushchev

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10
Q

19 oct 1962

A

Gromyko’s second cable about his Oval Office meeting was more reassuring for krushchev, less helpful to escalating the situation

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11
Q

19 Oct 1962

A

ExComm members were beginning to favour an air strike; former Secretary of State Acheson reported “you must remember we are dealing with a madman”
-Escalated tension
-US to blame as an air strike is an indirect declaration of war

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12
Q

20 Oct 1962

A

-ExComm voted in favour of a blockade but air strikes remained the choice of several members
-Escalated tension
-US to blame as a blockade would be considered an act of war

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13
Q

21 Oct 1962

A

Kennedy met a British ambassador + expressed a desire for a negotiated end to the crisis + raised the subject of US missiles sited close to the Soviet border being used in a ‘trade off’
-Eased tension

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14
Q

22 Oct 1962 (1)

A

Kennedy informed the US public about the presence of Soviet missiles on Cuba + announced a quarantine
-Escalated tension
-US to blame caused mass panic across the country + they would want Kennedy to retaliate

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15
Q

22 Oct 1962 (2)

A

-US forces placed on high alert: 54 bombers each w/ 4 nuclear warheads were on standby.
-150ICBM aimed at the USSR
Escalated tension
-US to blame as it looked as if they were preparing for war.

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16
Q

22 Oct 1962 (3)

A

USSR were on standby: Polaris armed nuclear submarines were put to sea
Escalated tension
-USSR to blame as they were getting ready to retaliate

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17
Q

22 Oct 1962 (4)

A

Soviet presidium met in Moscow to discuss Kennedys speech + their response to it
“They can attack us and we shall response. This may end up in a big war”- Krushchev
Escalated tension
-USSR + USA to blame

18
Q

22 Oct 1962 (5)

A

Kennedy received a letter from Krushchev saying soviet ships will not observe the blockade
Escalated tensions
-Soviets to blame as krushchev was suggesting he was going to take action

19
Q

22 oct 1962 (6)

A

Krushchev admitted to the presence of Soviet missiles on Cuba
Escalated tension

20
Q

22 Oct 1962 (7)

A

Was the first day that Turkish crews manned a Jupiter launch site under ‘dual-key’ procedures

21
Q

23 Oct 1962 (1)

A

Robert Kennedy held a secret meeting w the soviet ambassador in Washington where the latter stated that soviet ships weren’t to obey the order of being stopped + searched on the seas
-Escalated tension
Us to blame as their actions are illegal.

22
Q

23 Oct 1962 (2)

A

UN Security Council met + US ambassador Stevenson condemned the missile deployment

23
Q

24 Oct 1962 (1)

A

Soviet ambassadors received Soviet version of what was happening

24
Q

24 Oct 1962 (2)

A

US strategic air command went from DEFCON 3- DEFCON 2
-Escalated tension
-US to blame as they’re getting ready for a nuclear war, one step away from using nuclear weapons

25
Q

24 Oct 1962 (3)

A

Soviet ships accompanied by Soviet sub turned back in the face of a US naval blockade

26
Q

25 Oct 1962 (1)

A

More intense U2 reconnaissance revealed that work on Cuban missile bases was continuing rapidly
-Escalated tension
-Soviets to blame as continuing to develop missile bases

27
Q

25 Oct 1962 (2)

A

Krushchev announced to Presidium “we must dismantle the missiles to make Cuba into a zone of peace”
-Ease tensions
-Soviets as they’re trying to peacefully co-exist

28
Q

26 Oct 1962 (1)

A

SE USA, largest concentration of US forces since the Korean war was assembled
-Escalated tension
-US to blame they’re preparing for war

29
Q

26 Oct 1962 (2)

A

In the UN, US ambassador Stevenson trumped Soviet Ambassador, photos from U2 plane shown
-Escalate tension
-US- they’re displaying to the whole world the missiles

30
Q

26 Oct 1962 (3)

A

Krushchev received false intelligence that the US invasion of Cuba was going to begin the next day
-Escalated tension

31
Q

26 Oct 1962 (4)

A

Krushchev sent his first telegram proposing the withdrawl of Soviet missiles from Cuba in return for the US to not invade Cuba, didn’t consult anyone about it
-Ease in tensions
-Soviets- he’s attempting to solve the problem by getting rid of the problem

32
Q

26 Oct 1962 (5)

A

Castro ordered Cuban anti-aircraft forces to shoot down US reconnaissance flights
-Escalated tension

33
Q

27 Oct 1962 (1)

A

Darkest day of the whole Cuban missile crisis
Krushchev offers to remove Soviet missiles if the US remove their missiles off of Turkey
-Escalated tension

34
Q

27 Oct 1962 (2)

A

Excomm strongly rejected this
-Escalated tensions
-US- they don’t want to solve the problem

35
Q

27 Oct 1962 (3)

A

U2 spy plane strays off course and enters Soviet airspace + US jet fighters armed w nuclear-tipped missiles scrambled to protect the U2

36
Q

27 Oct 1962 (4)

A

U2 plane is shot down over cuba + pilot is killed
Kennedy put under pressure to launch an immediate response attack
-Escalated tension
-Cuba + US to blame as Cuba killed the American but America was spying on them

37
Q

27 Oct 1962 (5)

A

On instructions of Moscow, ships carrying MRBM equipment for Cuba turned back
-escalated tension

38
Q

27 Oct 1962 (6)

A

Kennedy admits to advisors that if missiles from Cuba weren’t removed, a US attack would happen
-Escalated tension

39
Q

27 Oct 1962 (7)

A

Castro sends a telegram to Krushchev which was a call to immediately attack the USA as an American attack on Cuba was inevitable
-Escalated tension
-Cuba- planned to attack US

40
Q

27 Oct 1962 (8)

A

Robert Kennedy met Dobrynin + said that the US would publicly issue a non-invasion guarantee
Missiles from Turkey would also be withdrawn in secret within 6 months
-Eased tension
-US- attempted to solve Soviet problems with the missiles

41
Q

28 Oct 1962 (1)

A

Krushchev stated that they must retreat as they found themselves ‘face to face with danger of war + a nuclear catastrophe’
He also cabled Washington to confirm Soviet acceptance of the deal
-Eased tension
-Soviets- he knew it would result in an all out nuclear war which would have devastating casualties on both sides

42
Q

28 Oct 1962 (2)

A

Kennedy announced the ending of the crisis + US naval quarantine to US public
-Eased tension

Cold War unit 3 (4 decks)

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