13 Data Representation

Question 1

User-defined data types

Answer 1

data type based on an existing data type or other data types that have been defined by the programmer

Question 2

Non-composite data types

Answer 2

data type that doesn’t reference any other data type

Question 3

Enumerated data type

Answer 3

a non-composite data type defined by a given list of all possible values that has implied order.

Question 4

Pointer data type

Answer 4

a non-composite data type that uses the memory address of where the data is stored

Question 5

Set

Answer 5

a given list of unordered elements that can use set theory operations such as intersection and union

Question 6

Serial File Organisation

Answer 6

method of file organization in which data records are physically stored in a file in the order they were added

Question 7

Sequential File Organization

Answer 7

method of file organization in which data records are stored physically in a file in a given order

Question 8

Random File Organization

Answer 8

method of file organization in which data records are physically stored in a file in any available position, a hashing algorithm is is used to find the location of the file stored

Question 9

Hashing Algorithm

Answer 9

mathematical formula used to perform calculation on the key field of the record the result of the calculation gives the address where the record should be found

Question 10

File Access

Answer 10

method used to physically find a record in a file

Question 11

Sequential Access

Answer 11

method of file access in which records are searched one after another from the start till required file is found

Question 12

Direct Access

Answer 12

method of file access in which record can be physically found without reading other records.

Question 13

Mantissa

Answer 13

fractional part of a floating point number

Question 14

Exponent

Answer 14

power of 2 that the mantissa is raised to in a floating point number

Question 15

Binary Floating-Point Number

Answer 15

a binary number written in the form M x 2^e (M is mantissa and e is exponent)

Question 16

Normalisation

Answer 16

method used to improve the precision of binary floating point numbers, 0.1 is positive format and 1.0 is negative format

Question 17

Overflow

Answer 17

result of carrying out a calculation resulting in a value too large for allocated word size in computer

Question 18

Underflow

Answer 18

result of carrying out a calculation resulting in a value too small for allocated word size in computer