1.3 Data recording, analysis and presentation Flashcards
what is nominal data?
frequency or count data that consists of the number of participants falling into categories
what is ordinal data?
data that is presented in rank order
what is interval data?
a measurement taken on a scale
what is a strength of nominal data?
quick to find mode to asses measures of central tendency
what is a weakness of nominal data?
lowest level of measurement and doesn’t provide much detail
participants unable to express degrees of response
what is a strength of ordinal data?
easy to find mode and median
what is a weakness of ordinal data?
comparisons between participants is difficult as data is not equal
what is a strength of interval data?
comparisons between participants is easy as data is equal
what is a weakness of interval data?
(use any weakness of qualitative data) e.g low in validity
what are the measures of central tendency?
mean mode and median
what are the measures of dispersion?
range variance and standard deviation
what is a strength of the mode?
not distorted by outliers
what is a weakness of the mode?
cannot always be used as there may not be a commonly occurring score
what is a strength of the median?
not distorted by outliers or anomalies
what is a weakness of the median?
not a very sensitive measure as it doesn’t take all the scores into account
what is a strength of the mean?
the most sensitive as it takes all the scores into account
what is a weakness of the mean?
can be distorted by outliers or anomalies, extreme scores can artificially inflate or deflate the mean
what is a strength of the range?
shows the spread of scores which provides more detail than just measures of central tendency
what is a weakness of the range?
not very representative of all the data where there are outliers
what is a strength of the variance?
uses all the data
what is a weakness of the variance?
variance is not in the same units as the scores in the data set
what is a strength of the standard deviation?
more sensitive measure as it uses original units of data
what is a weakness of the standard deviation?
when the data set is small a few outliers can have a big impact
what are features of a normal distribution curve?
has the mode median and mean together at the centre
has 50% of the scores to the left and 50% to the right
is symmetrical
with a positively skewed distribution curve what is the correlation between mean median and mode?
mean – median – mode
with a negatively skewed distribution curve what is the correlation between mean median and mode?
mode – median – mean
what are the features of a parametric test?
should have at least interval or ratio data
should be no extreme scores
populations drawn from should be normally distributed
variances of populations should be approximately equal
what are the features of a non-parametric test?
should have nominal or ordinal data and skewed data
what criteria does the binomial sign test fit?
nominal data
repeated measures design
test for difference
