1.3 Data recording, analysis and presentation

Question 1

what is nominal data?

Answer 1

frequency or count data that consists of the number of participants falling into categories

Question 2

what is ordinal data?

Answer 2

data that is presented in rank order

Question 3

what is interval data?

Answer 3

a measurement taken on a scale

Question 4

what is a strength of nominal data?

Answer 4

quick to find mode to asses measures of central tendency

Question 5

what is a weakness of nominal data?

Answer 5

lowest level of measurement and doesn’t provide much detail
participants unable to express degrees of response

Question 6

what is a strength of ordinal data?

Answer 6

easy to find mode and median

Question 7

what is a weakness of ordinal data?

Answer 7

comparisons between participants is difficult as data is not equal

Question 8

what is a strength of interval data?

Answer 8

comparisons between participants is easy as data is equal

Question 9

what is a weakness of interval data?

Answer 9

(use any weakness of qualitative data) e.g low in validity

Question 10

what are the measures of central tendency?

Answer 10

mean mode and median

Question 11

what are the measures of dispersion?

Answer 11

range variance and standard deviation

Question 12

what is a strength of the mode?

Answer 12

not distorted by outliers

Question 13

what is a weakness of the mode?

Answer 13

cannot always be used as there may not be a commonly occurring score

Question 14

what is a strength of the median?

Answer 14

not distorted by outliers or anomalies

Question 15

what is a weakness of the median?

Answer 15

not a very sensitive measure as it doesn’t take all the scores into account

Question 16

what is a strength of the mean?

Answer 16

the most sensitive as it takes all the scores into account

Question 17

what is a weakness of the mean?

Answer 17

can be distorted by outliers or anomalies, extreme scores can artificially inflate or deflate the mean

Question 18

what is a strength of the range?

Answer 18

shows the spread of scores which provides more detail than just measures of central tendency

Question 19

what is a weakness of the range?

Answer 19

not very representative of all the data where there are outliers

Question 20

what is a strength of the variance?

Answer 20

uses all the data

Question 21

what is a weakness of the variance?

Answer 21

variance is not in the same units as the scores in the data set

Question 22

what is a strength of the standard deviation?

Answer 22

more sensitive measure as it uses original units of data

Question 23

what is a weakness of the standard deviation?

Answer 23

when the data set is small a few outliers can have a big impact

Question 24

what are features of a normal distribution curve?

Answer 24

has the mode median and mean together at the centre
has 50% of the scores to the left and 50% to the right
is symmetrical

Question 25

with a positively skewed distribution curve what is the correlation between mean median and mode?

Answer 25

mean – median – mode

Question 26

with a negatively skewed distribution curve what is the correlation between mean median and mode?

Answer 26

mode – median – mean

Question 27

what are the features of a parametric test?

Answer 27

should have at least interval or ratio data
should be no extreme scores
populations drawn from should be normally distributed
variances of populations should be approximately equal

Question 28

what are the features of a non-parametric test?

Answer 28

should have nominal or ordinal data and skewed data

Question 29

what criteria does the binomial sign test fit?

Answer 29

nominal data
repeated measures design
test for difference