1.3 Computer Networks Flashcards

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1
Q

Factors that affect the performance of networks

A
  • Number of Users
  • Amount of Bandwidth
  • Wired or Wireless connection
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2
Q

How does the number of users affect network performance?

A

Having a lot of people using a network means lots of data is being transmitted which can slow it down.

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3
Q

Wireless Access Point (WAP)

A

A Wireless Access Point is a device that receives and transmits wireless signals on the network. Often connected to rest of the network by cables

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4
Q

What is bandwidth?

A

The amount of data that can be transferred in a given time. The grater the bandwidth, the better the network can perform.

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5
Q

How do wireless connections affect network performance?

A

Wireless performance depends on signal quality so is affected by the range of the device, the amount of interference from the other wireless networks, and physical obstruction like thick walls in buildings.

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6
Q

How does bandwidth affect network performance?

A

The more bandwidth, the more data that can be transferred at a time.

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7
Q

What hardware is needed to connect stand-alone computers to a LAN?

A
  • WAPs
  • Routers
  • Switches
  • NIC
  • Transmission media
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8
Q

Routers

A

Routers are responsible for transmitting data between networks

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9
Q

Switches

A

Switches connect devices on a LAN. They receive data from one device and transmit this data to the device on the network with the correct MAC address.

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10
Q

Network Interface Card (NIC)

A

An internal piece of hardware that allows the device to connect to a network. They exist for both wired and wireless connection

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11
Q

Transmission Media

A

Transmission media carry data signals from one computer to another and are either wired or wireless. e.g. copper cables, fibre optic cables, wireless signals.

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12
Q

The Internet

A

The Internet is a global collection of interconnected networks. It is the biggest WAN.

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13
Q

Domain Name Server (DNS)

A

Translates websites’ domain name into its IP address

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14
Q

Hosting

A

When a business uses its servers to store files of another organisation

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15
Q

The Cloud

A

Data can be stored ‘in the cloud’. This means on servers run by big companies. The data remotely over the Internet.

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16
Q

What is a client?

A

A device which requests data from a server.

17
Q

Web servers and clients

A

Servers provide services (e.g. Web server -> Web pages, File server -> file storage/retrieval). Clients request / use services from a server

18
Q

Wired connection

A

Any physical connection made between two or more devices e.g. Copper wire, Ethernet cables, fibre optics etc.

19
Q

Ethernet

A

Ethernet is a type of wired network media that allows data to be transferred between devices connected to both LANs (Local Area Network) and WANs (Wide Area Network. It is the most common type of wired connection within a LAN. Ethernet cables use copper wires to transfer data between devices.

20
Q

Wireless

A

Any connection made between two or more devices which does not involve the need for a physical connection e.g. Wi-Fi, 4G, Bluetooth etc.

21
Q

Wi-Fi

A

Wi-Fi is a means of allowing computers, smartphones, or other devices to connect to the Internet or communicate with one another wirelessly within a particular area. It has a range of about 100m, takes quite a lot of power (relatively), and has a high bandwidth (but less than a wired connection)

22
Q

Bluetooth

A

Bluetooth is a standard for the short-range wireless interconnection of mobile phones, computers, and other electronic devices. It has a range of about 10m, takes very little power, and has a relatively low bandwidth

23
Q

Wired vs Wireless

A

Wired: faster and more reliable, use Ethernet cables (twisted copper wire, coaxial or fibre optic)
Wireless: more convenient as you can move around while being connected, often cheaper as you need fewer wires, use radio waves to transmit data (Bluetooth or WiFi).

24
Q

What is encryption?

A

When data (plain text) is translated into a code (cipher text) that only someone with the correct key can access. Protects communications from hackers

25
Q

What is an IP address?

A

A unique address for each computer device on a network for identification
2 formats: IPv6 (128 bits) and IPv4 (32 bits)
Written in denary.

26
Q

What is a MAC address?

A

Unique number assigned to each NIC for identification

Written in hexadecimal

27
Q

What is a network standard?

A

A set of agreed requirements for hardware and software

28
Q

What is a network protocol?

A

A set of rules for how devices communicate and how data is transmitted across a network.

29
Q

What is TCP/IP?

A

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

30
Q

What is HTTP?

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

Used by web browsers to access websites and communicate with web servers

31
Q

What is HTTPS?

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure

A more secure version of HTTP, where all information sent and received is encrypted.

32
Q

What is FTP?

A

File Transfer Protocol

Used to access, edit and move files between devices on a network

33
Q

What is POP?

A

Post Office Protocol

Used to retrieve emails from a server. Holds email until downloaded onto your device, then it is deleted.

34
Q

What is IMAP?

A

Internet Message Access Protocol
Used to retrieve emails from a server.
Unlike POP, server holds the email until you delete it, you only download a copy
Used by most we b-based email clients

35
Q

What is SMTP?

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

Used to send emails. Also used to transfer emails between severs