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Movement Sci 3 > 13. Ankle Foot (unfinished) > Flashcards

13. Ankle Foot (unfinished) Flashcards

1
Q

What is proximal to the Chopart joint?

A

Talus and calcaneus

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2
Q

What bones make up the midfoot?

A

Cuboid
Navicular
Cuneiforms (3)

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3
Q

What bones make up the forefoot?

A

metatarsals
phalanges

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4
Q

What makes up the rearfoot?

A

talus
calcaneus

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5
Q

if someone is pronated they will have calcaneo_____

A

valgus

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6
Q

if someone is supinated, they will have calcaneo______

A

varus

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7
Q

DF/PF is a motion of _____ joint

A

talocrural

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8
Q

INV/EV is a motion of _____ joint

A

subtalar

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9
Q

Abd/Add is a motion of _____ joint

A

subtalar (forefoot)

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10
Q

flexion and extension happens ______ in the foot

A

in the toes

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11
Q

Pronation is made up of what 3 motions

A

DF
Eversion
Abduction

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12
Q

Supination is made up of what 3 motions

A

PF
Inversion
Adduction

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13
Q

@ proximal tibiofibular joint, _____ tibial facet and ____ fibular facet

A

convex tib
concave fib

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14
Q

Proximal tibiofibular joint ________ belongs to knee and _______ belongs to ankle/foot

A

Anatomically

Functionally

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15
Q

Distal tib-fib joint is a _____ union

A

Syndesmosis

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16
Q

@ distal tib-fib joint, what ligaments are there

A
  • anterior & posterior tib-fib ligaments
  • interosseous ligaments
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17
Q

function of talocrural joint is dependent on stability of ______ joint

A

tibiofibular

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18
Q

hypermobility of proximal tibfib jt could lead to _____ nerve injury

A

common fibular

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19
Q

distal tibfib joint injury to syndesmosis can lead to _______ of ________

A

widening of “mortise”

= instability @ talocrural joint

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20
Q

Talocrural is a ____ ____ joint

A

synovial hinge

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21
Q

What 3 bones make up the Talocrural joint

A

Tibia/fibula on talus

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22
Q

the proximal articulating surface of Talocrural joint is _______ + _______ = _______

A

concave tibial plafond + malleoli = mortise

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23
Q

____ and ____ describe the Talocrural joint capsule

A

Weak and thin

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24
Q

another name for MCL of talocrural joint is

A

Deltoid ligament

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25
What shape is deltoid ligament
fan shape
26
Where does the deltoid/MCL insert (3 bones)
navicular talus calcaneus
27
What ankle motion will sprain deltoid/MCL?
Eversion
28
The LCL of talocrural is made up of ____ and ____ and _______
anterior and posterior talofibular ligament & calcaneofibular ligament
29
What does LCL of talocrural help limit? ____ and ____
inversion supination
30
between LCL and MCL of talocrural, which is stronger
MCL LCL is weaker
31
what passive structure supports the talocrural ligaments?
extensor retinaculum
32
Talocrural axis is inclined down laterally ____ degrees posteriorly ____ degrees
14 degrees 23 degrees
33
In dorsiflexion, head of talus rolls ______ while body of talus glides ________ in mortise
dorsally plantarly
34
normal DF is _____ degrees
20
35
Is DF or PF close packed?
Dorsiflexion
36
Dorsiflexion is limited by active/passive tension in ______
gastroc/soleus
37
normal PF ROM is ____ degrees
50 degrees
38
in plantarflexion, loose packed occurs when _______
posterior body of talus is in contact
39
what talocrural motion has a higher incidence of ankle sprains?
plantar flexion because it's loose packed
40
PF is limited by tension in ____, ______, and ______
anterior tibialis EHL EDL
41
sustentaculum tali is on what bone? medial or lateral?
calcaneus medial
42
medial ankle is protected by _____, _____ and ____
posterior tibialis FHL FDL
43
lateral ankle is protected by ____ and ____
fib long fib brev
44
Talus is wider distally or proximally?
distally
45
Dorsiflexion causes ____ rotation of tib-fib
medial in WB, mortise rotates over talus, tib fib joint adjusts to widen around distal talus
46
Plantarflexion causes ____ rotation of tib-fib
lateral in WB, mortise rotates over talus, tib fib joint adjusts to widen around distal talus
47
what articulates in subtalar joint?
calcaneus and talus
48
In the proximal part of the subtalar joint, _____ talus on ____ calcaneus
concave convex Largest face (75% of ST forces) helps resist rotation
49
In the distal/medial part of subtalar joint, ____ facet of inferior body and neck of talus on 2 ___ facets of calcaneus
convex concave
50
Tarsal canal is formed by sulcus in both bones (talus and calcaneus) & runs from ______ to _____ (lateral to medial)
sinus tarsi sustentaculum tali
51
name the Subtalar ligaments
* calcaneofibular ligament * anterior and posterior talofibular lig * lateral and interosseous talocalcaneal lig * cervical ligament * deltoid ligament
52
Which subtalar lig is the strongest?
Cervical ligament
53
Subtalar axis inclined _____ degrees dorsally and distally and inclined ______ medially
42 degrees 16 degrees
54
Subtalar NWB **SUPINATION** coupled motions = calcaneal ____, ____, _____ flexion
Adduction Inversion (varus) Plantar
55
Subtalar NWB **PRONATION** coupled motions = calcaneal ____, ____, _____ flexion
Abduction Eversion (valgus) Dorsi
56
WB pronation = calcaneal ____, talar ____, ____ flexion, Tib-fib _____ rotation
Eversion Adduction Plantar Medial
57
WB supination = calcaneal ____, talar ___, ____ flexion, and Tib-fib ___ rotation
Inversion Abduction Dorsi Lateral
58
Calcaneal Inv and Ev are measured as angles between ______ midline of leg and _____ calcaneus
Posterior Posterior
59
Calcaneal Inv = ____ degrees
20-30
60
Calcaneal Ev = ____ degrees
5-10
61
When in bilateral stance, ____ degrees of Eversion
3.5 degrees
62
Gait requirements * ___ degrees of Inv at heel strike then Ev * then ____ degrees of Inv during push off
3 degrees 5.5 degrees
63
subtalar close packed = ____
Supination stable foot position
64
Subtalar open packed = _____
Pronation flexible foot position
65
____ and ____ form S shaped transverse tarsal joint line
Talonavicular Calcaneocuboid
66
T/F: navicular and cuboid are immobile in weightbearing
True talus and calcaneus move on them
67
Talonavicular joint: Distal ____ head of talus w/ _____ proximal aspect of navicular
Convex Concave
68
The plantar calcaneonavicular ligament is also called the ____ ligament
Spring ligament
69
Spring ligament goes from **sustentaculum tali** to ______
Plantar aspect of navicular bone
70
Medial segment of spring ligament function is ______
Sling to hold head of talus
71
Lateral segment of spring ligament resists _____ _____
tensile forces
72
Talonavicular medially reinformed by _____ ligament
Deltoid
73
Talonavicular laterally reinforced by _____ ligaments
Bifurcate
74
Calcaneocuboid joint is linked to ____ joint in WB
Subtalar
75
Calcaneocuboid joint has it's own capsule with lateral band of ____, _____, ______, and ______
Bifurcate Dorsal CC lig Plantar CC lig Long plantar lig
76
What is the key to transverse tarsal stability and lateral longitudinal arch
Long Plantar lig It runs from calcaneus across cuboid to bases of 2-4 MT
77
The transverse tarsal axis inclines up ____ degrees from transverse plane
15 degrees
78
The transverse tarsal axis angles ____ medially from sagittal plane allowing for the TRIPLANAR motions of ____/____
9 degrees Supination/Pronation Talus & calcaneus moving on navicular & cuboid mostly in Inv/Eversion
79
Oblique axis of Transverse tarsal axis is _____ medial to sagittal plane and ____ supinated to transverse plane
57 degrees 52 degrees - also allows Sup/pron of talus & calcaneus - mostly in DF/PF and ADD/ABD
80
When assessing midfoot motion, need to put hindfoot in _____ to unlock the transverse tarsal joint
pronation
81
Lateral rotation of tibia will impose hindfoot _______ with relative ______ of forefoot
Supination Pronation (slide 30)
82
Which ligaments sprain easily in excessive supination?
Lateral
83
Medial Rotation of tibia imposes hindfoot _____
Pronation the transverse tarsal adjusts forefoot to maintain base of support
84
1st TMT Joint is formed by
base of 1st MT with medial cuneiform (own capsule)
85
2nd and 3rd TMT are formed by
base of 2nd and 3rd MT with 2nd and 3rd cuneiform (share a capsule)
86
4th and 5th TMT are formed by
base of 4th and 5th MT with cuboid (share a capsule)
87
stare and understand this
88

Movement Sci 3 (2 decks)

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