1.3 Flashcards
1
Q
1.3.3
1. Explain what HTML is
2. What are the 3 main tags that a html page is built up of?
A
- HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup language, which is the standard for web pages. HTML elements - the building blocks for HTML pages - are represented by the <> takes. Attributes come in name/value pairs (eg. charset=“utf-8”).
Web pages coded using HTML are read by web browsers, which then interpret the tags and render the page visually. - HTML elements consist of start and end tags. The document begins with <html> and ends with </html>. The information for the web browser is stored in <header> tags at the start.
The main text begins with <body> and ends with </body>.
2
Q
1.3.3
1. What is the <title> tag?
2. What is the <h> tag?
3. What is the <p> tag?</h></title>
A
- <title> defines the title of the document, a required tag which is text only, and is shown in the title bar or page tab.
</title> - The <h*> tags are used to define headings in order of importance and size.
- A <p> tag defines a paragraph. Browsers automatically add a single blank line before and after each <p> tag.
3
Q
1.3.3
1. What is the <img></img> tag?
2. What is the <a> tag?
3. What are the <ul>, <ol> and <li> tags?</a>
A
- The <img></img> tag is used to embed an image in an HTML document.
Images are not inserted into a web page, but, rather, linked to web pages. The <img></img> tag creates a holding space for the referenced image. The <img></img> tag required two attributes: ‘src’ specifies the file path of the image, and ‘alt’ specifies alternate text for the image in the event it cannot be displayed for some reason. - The <a> tag defines a hyperlink, which is used to link one page to another. The most important attribute of the <a> tag is hired, which indicates the link’s destination. By default, links will appear as follows in all browsers: unvisited link - blue underlined, visited link - purple underlines, active link - red, underlined.</a></a>
- The <ol> tag defines an ordered list, which can be numerical or alphabetical. The <ul> tag defines an unordered (bulleted) list. The <li> is used to define each list item.
4
Q
1.3.3
1. Explain what CSS is
2. How can CSS be used in your code?
3. How do you use identifiers in css to apply the css to the html?
A
- CSS stands for cascading style sheets and describes how HTML elements are to be displayed on screens, paper or other media. CSS saves a lot of work by allowing developers to control the layout of multiple web pages at one.
- CSS code can be included directly inside an HTML file; it is defined inside a <style> tag, but it will only affect the style of that page. By using separate, external style sheets, you can change the look of an entire site by amending one file. External CSS files are linked to an HTML file using the <link></link> tag. CSS can be used directly in html tags in this format: eg. <h1 style=“color: red;”> The #id selector can be used.</style>
- In a css file, to refer to different parts of the html, you can use class names, starting with a dot, or id identifiers, starting with a hashtag. To apply css properties to all of a specific html tag, such as h1, you simply state the name of the html element in the css file, instead of a class name.
5
Q
1.3.3
1. Explain what JavaScript is
2. What are the <form>, <input></input>, and
tags?
3. What is the syntax for javascript?
A
- JavaScript is the programming language for the web, and it can be used to modify booth HTML and CSS. With JavaScript, you can calculate, manipulate and validate data.
- The <form> tag can be used to create HTML forms for user input.
The <input></input> tag is used for simple text boxes and buttons.
Thetag can be used to embed javascript code into the html file.
- Javascript syntax: command lines are ended with a semicolon. Curly brackets are used to define sections of code.
6
Q
1.3.3
1. What is an hub?
2. What is a switch
3. What is a repeater?
A
- Hub: When a device on a lan wants to send data to another device via a hub, the hub broadcasts the data to all the devices connected to the hub. Only the intended device should access the data, while the other devices should ignore it.
- Switch: Switches send data around a network, but only forward data to a specific device on the network using a unique MAC address, reducing collisions on the network.
- Repeater: A repeater strengthens wireless signals by taking a weakened signal and trying to refresh it as much as it can so that it can be sent along another distance.
7
Q
1.3.3
1. What is an NIC?
2. What is a router?
3. What is a WAP?
A
- NIC (Network Interface Card): An NIC enables you to send and receive data to and from your computer. It can connect to wired or wireless networks, and has its own basic CPU to process transmitted data, and a ROM chip to store information about itself. Each NIC has a unique MAC address – 6 pairs or hexadecimal characters.
- Router: A wireless router consists of 3 devices – a switch, a router, and a wireless access point (WAP). The router can direct data packets to other machines on the LAN or other networks such as the internet.
- Wireless Access Point: A WAP is a networking hardware device that allows a Wi-Fi device to connect to a wired network.
