1.3 Flashcards
What is respiration ?
process of transferring energy from the breakdown of glucose
Describe cellular respiration
continuous process occurring in all living cells to release energy from glucose
why is cellular respiration considered a universal process
occurs in all living cells, providing energy for various metabolic processes
what is the role of ATP in cellular respiration
stores energy released during respiration and can be used for cellular activities
Explain the analogy between ATP and a rechargeable battery
stores and releases energy as needed
List three main uses of energy in the human body
chemical reactions
muscle contraction
maintaining body temperature
Can organisms use substances other than glucose for respiration? If so, name them.
yes
proteins lipids and carbohydrates
Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration
Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen, while anaerobic respiration occurs in its absence.
How are the rate and efficiency of cellular respiration affected
temperature and pH
What controls cellular respiration?
enzymes
Is respiration endothermic or exothermic?
exothermic, transferring energy to the environment as heat.
How does cellular respiration contribute to the heat generated in our bodies during exercise?
releasing heat energy as a byproduct.
List the apparatus required for the experiment to demonstrate the production of heat during respiration
- Apparatus: Vacuum flasks, thermometer, cotton wool, germinating seeds, dead/boiled seeds.
Outline the method for conducting the experiment demonstrating the production of heat during respiration
Set up flasks with seeds,
plug with cotton wool,
invert,
record initial temperature,
wait 4 days,
record final temperature.
What are the expected results of the experiment demonstrating the production of heat during respiration ?
Expected results: Flask with germinating seeds (Flask B) shows increased temperature, while Flask A remains at room temperature.
Explain why Flask A remains at room temperature while Flask B shows an increase in temperature during the experiment demonstrating heat production during respiration
Flask A remains at room temperature because the seeds are dead and not respiring, while Flask B shows an increase in temperature due to respiration
What is aerobic respiration?
process that requires oxygen and involves breaking down nutrient molecules to release energy in cells.
How is aerobic respiration defined?
the chemical reaction in cells that uses oxygen to break down nutrient molecules to release energy.
What is the result of aerobic respiration?
complete breakdown of glucose, releasing a relatively large amount of energy for use in cell processes and reactions.
What is the main product of aerobic respiration?
ATP, which is generated in large amounts.
How many molecules of ATP can be produced per molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration?
32 molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose.
- What are the waste products of aerobic respiration?
carbon dioxide and water, along with the release of useful cellular energy.
Does aerobic respiration occur with or without oxygen?
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen to proceed
How does aerobic respiration differ from anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration is the complete breakdown of glucose using oxygen, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen.