12.improvement in food resources Flashcards
What are the months of the kharif season?
June to October
What are the months of the rabi season?
November to April
Name some kharif crops.
Paddy, soyabean, pigeon pea, maize, cotton, green gram, black gram
Name some rabi crops.
Wheat, gram, peas, mustard, linseed
What is composting?
The process of decomposing farm waste materials like livestock excreta, vegetable waste, animal refuse, domestic waste, and weeds in pits to produce nutrient-rich organic matter.
What is vermi-composting?
The process of using earthworms to hasten the decomposition of plant and animal refuse to prepare compost.
What is green manure?
Green manure is made by growing plants like sun hemp or guar and ploughing them into the soil before sowing crop seeds.
How does green manure benefit the soil?
It enriches the soil with nitrogen and phosphorus.
Front: Which plants are commonly used for green manure?
Back: Sun hemp and guar. moong
What nutrients do fertilizers supply to plants?
a) Iron, Copper, Zinc
b) Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium
c) Magnesium, Calcium, Sodium
d) Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen
b) Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium
Q3: What can happen if fertilizers are over-applied?
a) Increase in soil fertility
b) Water pollution and harm to microorganisms
c) Better crop yields without any harm
d) Increased soil organic matter
b) Water pollution and harm to microorganisms
Front: What is mixed cropping?
Back: Growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same land, such as wheat + gram or wheat + mustard. It reduces risk and provides insurance against crop failure.
What is inter-cropping?
Back: Growing two or more crops simultaneously in a definite pattern on the same field, such as soyabean + maize or bajra + cowpea. Crops are selected to have different nutrient needs.
What is crop rotation?
Back: Growing different crops on the same piece of land in a planned succession to ensure good harvests, often done based on moisture availability and irrigation.
Front: How does crop rotation help in farming?
Back: It allows two or three crops to be grown in a year, improving soil health and crop yield by managing moisture and irrigation efficiently.
What is mixed cropping?
a) Growing different crops in alternating rows
b) Growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same land
c) Growing crops in succession on the same land
d) Growing the same crop repeatedly on the same land
b) Growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same land
What is inter-cropping?
a) Growing two or more crops simultaneously in alternating rows
b) Growing the same crop in alternating rows
c) Growing crops sequentially
d) Planting crops with the same nutrient requirements
a) Growing two or more crops simultaneously in alternating rows
What are weeds?
Back: Unwanted plants in cultivated fields that compete for food, space, and light, reducing crop growth. Examples: Xanthium (gokhroo), Parthenium (gajar ghas).
What are the two species of Indian cattle?
Bos indicus (cows) and Bos bubalis (buffaloes).
What are milch animals?
Milk-producing females (dairy animals).
Q2: Which species of cattle is used for milk production in India?
a) Bos primigenius
b) Bos taurus
c) Bos indicus
d) Bos bubalis
c) Bos indicus
Q3: What are draught animals used for in agriculture?
a) Milk production
b) Carting, tilling, and irrigation
c) Fertilizer production
d) Wool harvesting
b) Carting, tilling, and irrigation
How can milk production be increased in cattle?
By increasing the lactation period.
Which foreign breeds are selected for long lactation periods?
: Jersey, Brown Swiss.
: Which local breeds cow are known for their excellent disease resistance?
Red Sindhi, Sahiwal.
What is the benefit of cross-breeding exotic and local cattle breeds?
Back: To get animals with both long lactation periods and disease resistance.
Q2: Which of the following is an exotic breed selected for long lactation periods?
a) Red Sindhi
b) Sahiwal
c) Jersey
d) Murrah
c) Jersey
Which local breed is known for its resistance to diseases?
a) Brown Swiss
b) Sahiwal
c) Jersey
d) Holstein
Answer: b) Sahiwal
Q4: Which vitamins are found in cow’s milk?
a) A, D, B12
b) B1, B2, B12, D, E
c) B2, B12
d) Niacin, D, A
b) B1, B2, B12, D, E
What is the sugar content in an egg?
(Egg does not contain sugar)
Which of the following animal products contains Vitamin D?
a) Fish
b) Egg
c) Milk
d) All of the above
d) All of the above
Which internal parasite affects the liver of cattle?
a) Worms
b) Flukes
c) Ticks
d) Lice
b) Flukes
Q7: How are infectious diseases in cattle caused?
a) Poor ventilation in sheds
b) Lack of proper food
c) Parasites
d) Bacteria and viruses
d) Bacteria and viruses
What is the primary purpose of poultry farming?
a) Raising domestic fowl for decoration
b) Producing layers for eggs and broilers for meat
c) Cross-breeding indigenous and exotic birds
d) Reducing the cost of agricultural by-products
b) Producing layers for eggs and broilers for meat
Which of the following is an example of an indigenous poultry breed in India?
a) Leghorn
b) Aseel
c) Rhode Island Red
d) Cornish
b) Aseel
Q5: Why are smaller egg-laying birds preferred in poultry farming?
a) They produce more meat
b) They consume more fibrous and cheaper diets
c) They are easier to transport
d) They produce larger eggs
b)
What is an example of an exotic poultry breed?
a) Aseel
b) Leghorn
c) Kadaknath
d) Giriraja
b) Leghorn
Which trait is important for broiler production in summer?
a) Higher egg production
b) Tolerance to high temperatures
c) Larger body size
d) Low protein intake
b) Tolerance to high temperatures
What is the main purpose of broiler chickens?
Meat production.
Front: Name some popular marine fish varieties in India.
Pomfret, mackerel, tuna, sardines, and Bombay duck.
What is mariculture?
Back: The farming of marine organisms like fish, prawns, mussels, oysters, and seaweed in seawater.
Which of the following is NOT a popular marine fish variety in India?
a) Sardines
b) Mackerel
c) Tuna
d) Rohu
3: What technology is used to locate schools of fish in marine fisheries?
a) GPS tracking
b) Satellites and echo-sounders
c) Radar and sonar
d) Underwater cameras
b) Satellites and echo-sounders
Q5: Which finned fish is known for its high economic value and is farmed in marine waters?
a) Catfish
b) Tuna
c) Bhetki
d) Mackerel
Answer: c) Bhetki
Name some finned fish of high economic value farmed in seawater.
Back: Mullets, bhetki, and pearl spots
Which shellfish are farmed in seawater for economic purposes?
Prawns, mussels, and oysters.
Which of the following finned fish is farmed in seawater?
a) Rohu
b) Pearl spots
c) Hilsa
d) Catla
b) Pearl spots
Q3: Which of the following is NOT a shellfish?
a) Mussels
b) Prawns
c) Mullets
d) Oysters
c) Mullets
What are the main freshwater resources used for fish farming?
Canals, ponds, reservoirs, and rivers
Q2: What is the primary difference between freshwater and brackish water resources for fish farming?
a) Freshwater contains higher salt content than brackish water
b) Brackish water is a mixture of seawater and freshwater
c) Freshwater is used exclusively for saltwater fish farming
d) Brackish water is only found in rivers
b) Brackish water is a mixture of seawater and freshwater
Q3: Which of the following is a benefit of composite fish culture systems?
a) Fish species compete for food
b) Only one type of food is provided for all fish
c) Different fish species are chosen to prevent competition for food
d) All fish species are surface feeders
c) Different fish species are chosen to prevent competition for food
Q4: What is the role of Grass Carp in a composite fish culture system?
a) Feed on the weeds in the pond
b) Feed on the bottom of the pond
c) Feed in the middle-zone of the pond
d) Feed on the surface of the pond
a) Feed on the weeds in the pond
Q5: Why is the breeding of fish during monsoon a challenge for fish farming?
a) It leads to overpopulation in ponds
b) Fish breed at different times
c) Fish seed can be mixed with that of other species
d) Fish breeding becomes ineffective
c) Fish seed can be mixed with that of other species
Q6: How can the problem of poor-quality fish seed be addressed?
a) By breeding fish only in natural water bodies
b) By increasing the number of fish in the pond
c) By using hormonal stimulation to breed fish in ponds
d) By relying on wild fish seeds only
By using hormonal stimulation to breed fish in ponds
Q7: What is a key feature of fish farming in rice fields?
a) Fish are raised in a separate pond
b) Fish are raised in the water of the paddy field
c) Rice crops are grown in fish ponds
d) It is only done in coastal areas
b) Fish are raised in the water of the paddy field
Q8: Which of the following fish species is commonly used in composite fish culture systems?
a) Goldfish
b) Catla
c) Trout
d) Tilapia
Catla
Q1: Which of the following is commonly used for commercial honey production?
a) Apis cerana indica
b) A. dorsata
c) A. mellifera
d) A. florae
c) A. mellifera
What is the primary additional product obtained from beekeeping besides honey?
wax
Q3: What factor determines the taste and quality of honey?
a) The type of bee used
b) The quantity of honey produced
c) The pasturage or flowers available to the bees
d) The age of the beehive
c) The pasturage or flowers available to the bees
Why are Italian bees (A. mellifera) preferred for commercial honey production?
They have high honey collection capacity and breed well
Q5: What is the primary benefit of beekeeping for farmers?
a) It requires high investments
b) It generates income from honey and wax
c) It reduces the number of pests in crops
d) It requires little land space
b) It generates income from honey and wax
Which local bee variety is commonly known as the Indian bee?
a) A. mellifera
b) A. dorsata
c) Apis cerana indica
d) A. florae
c) Apis cerana indica
Which bee variety is known for staying in a given beehive for long periods?
a) A. mellifera
b) A. dorsata
c) A. cerana
d) A. florae
Answer: a) A. mellifera
