128 definitions

Question 1

state functions

Answer 1

V-volume, T-temp., P-pressure, C-heat capacity, U-internal energy, H-enthalpy, S-entropy, G-gibbs free energy

Question 2

heat

Answer 2

transfer of thermal energy between bodies existing at different temperatures

=q

Question 3

calorie

Answer 3

energy needed to raise 1g H2O by 1°C

Question 4

Heat Capacity

Answer 4

C=mc

UNITS: g=(J/g*°C)

Question 5

Specific Heat

Answer 5

energy to raise 1g of substance by 1°C

Question 6

system

Answer 6

what we are interested in

solution, molecules, reaction

Question 7

surroundings

Answer 7

everything else (not the system)

bulk water, table, air, work bench

Question 8

thermal equilibrium

Answer 8

different temperature items+contact=thermal equilibrium

Question 9

+q

Answer 9

endothermic, consuming energy/heat into system

Question 10

-q

Answer 10

exothermic, producing heat

Question 11

+w

Answer 11

work done on/to the system, volume/pressure increasing like an engine piston

Question 12

-w

Answer 12

work done by the system

Question 13

work equation

Answer 13

w= P - deltaV

Question 14

internal energy equation

Answer 14

deltaU= q+w

Question 15

solving for heat under a constant V

Answer 15

deltaU = q

Question 16

solving for heat under a constant P

Answer 16

q = deltaU + (P) (deltaV)

Question 17

enthalpy of formation (delta Hf)

Answer 17

energy change resulting from formation of 1 MOLE PRODUCT FROM ITS ELEMENTS in standard state

the energy we need to put into something to create it

H in standard state is 0

Question 18

enthalpy of combustion (delta Hc)

Answer 18

energy change from combusting (combining w O2) 1 MOLE OF FUEL; typically a hydrocarbon fuel

usually combustion has a fraction of O2 moles, here it is okay because we are needing 1 mole of fuel

Question 19

Enthalpy of Reaction (delta Hrxn)

Answer 19

energy change from a chemical reaction

= sum of (moles) (Hf products) + (moles) (Hf reactants)

Question 20

+ delta H reaction

Answer 20

endothermic, energy of products is higher than energy of reactants

Question 21

• delta H reaction

Answer 21

exothermic, energy of products is lower than energy of reactants

Question 22

vaporization

Answer 22

liquid to gas

endothermic, +deltaHvap

Question 23

condensation

Answer 23

gas to liquid

exothermic, -deltaHvap

Question 24

melting

Answer 24

solid to liquid

endothermic, +deltaHfusion

Question 25

freezing

Answer 25

liquid to solid

exothermic, -deltaHfusion

Question 26

sublimation

Answer 26

solid to gas

endothermic, +deltaHsublimation

Question 27

deposition

Answer 27

gas to solid

exothermic, -deltaHsublimation