12.7 Safety Precaution and Chemical Handling

Question 1

CHLORINE GAS: how many air changes per minute should be provided?

Answer 1

CHLORINE GAS: what temperature should chlorinator rooms be heated to?

Question 2

CHLORINE GAS: what is activated in the event of a chlorine leak?

Answer 2

scrubber system

Question 3

CHLORINE GAS: what do scrubber systems use to neutralixe the chlorine gas?

Answer 3

sodium hydroxide

Question 4

SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE: what is it stored in?

Answer 4

original shipping or compatible containers

Question 5

SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE: these should not be used because they lock down, trap NaOCl off-gases and explode

Answer 5

ball valves

Question 6

SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE: what is a major design issue?

Answer 6

stability

Question 7

SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE: what are important considerations in storage?

Answer 7

concentration and temperature

Question 8

SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE: on-site generation of this uses electrolytic decomposition of _______ to produce a NaOCl feed solution

Answer 8

NaCl

Question 9

OZONE: Ozone at concentrations greater than ______% is explosive

Answer 9

23

Question 10

OZONE: what happens to it at ambient temperature?

Answer 10

rapidly decays

Question 11

OZONE: how can it not be stored?

Answer 11

under pressure

Question 12

OZONE: what method is used generate ozone on site?

Answer 12

corona discharge

Question 13

CHLORINE DIOXIDE: why can chlorine dioxide not be stored?

Answer 13

explosion risk

Question 14

CHLORINE DIOXIDE: the pure gas may explode as a result of:
- high t_______
- exposure to l______
- changes in p__________
- exposure to o__________ contaminants

Answer 14

temperature, light, pressure, ozone

Question 15

CHLORAMINE - formed on site by reacting a_____ with c________

Answer 15

ammonia, chlorine

Question 16

CHLORAMINE - what is the desired compound for chloramine disinfection?

Answer 16

monochloramine

Question 17

CHLORAMINE - what is the ammonia and chlorine reaction dependent on?

Answer 17

pH

Question 18

AMMONIA: commercially available in three forms
- a___________ ammonia (liquified gas)
- a______________ ammonia (NH3 dissolved in water = NH4OH)
- ammonia s_______ crystals

Answer 18

anhydrous, aqueous, sulfate

Question 19

AMMONIA: what commercial forms are most commonly used?

Answer 19

anhydrous and aqueous

Question 20

AMMONIA - what pipe material should not be used because they react violently?

Answer 20

copper, brass, bronze

Question 21

AMMONIA - what is activated in the event that ammonia leaks?

Answer 21

scrubber system

Question 22

AMMONIA - ammonia vapors are extremely ______ so appropriate venting must be supplied

Answer 22

toxic