1.2.4 - Types of Programming Language

Question 1

What does a class do?(3)

Answer 1

Classes can be encapsulated(1).Make attributes private.(1) Provide public acess methods.(1)

Question 2

What is inheritence?(3)

Answer 2

When a class takes on the methods (1) and attributes (1) of a parent class(1)

Question 3

What is meant by an assembler?(2)

Answer 3

A program that translates assembly code(1) into machine code (1)

Question 4

What is meant by a class?(2)

Answer 4

A template (1) defining methods and attributes (1)

Question 5

What is a high-level language? (1)

Answer 5

A programming language that is close to “normal” english making it easy to understand and read - eg. Python

Question 6

What is a low-level language? (1)

Answer 6

A programming language that is close to binary making it harder to understand and read - eg. Assembly code

Question 7

Give 3 advantages of assembly language. (3)

Answer 7

It has the same efficiency of execution (due to its one-to-one nature). (1) It produces very precise and optimised/efficient code. (1) It provides direct access to system-level features without having to go through a software interface (improving the speed). (1)

Question 8

Give 3 disadvantages of assembly language. (3)

Answer 8

It is machine-dependant and very hard to port. (1) The code is very hard to write / is very prone to bugs. (1) The code is very hard to understand (making it hard to modify and maintain). (1)

Question 9

What is object-oriented programming? (2)

Answer 9

OOP involve solutions being constructed by means of objects that interact with each other. (1) OOP uses classes as templates to construct objects. (1)

Question 10

What is procedural programming? (2)

Answer 10

Procedural programming breaks a solutiondown into subroutines. (1) These subroutinesare re-built and combined to form a program. (1)

Question 11

What is the program structure of procedural programming? (1)

Answer 11

It uses procedures and functions.

Question 12

What is the program structure of object-oriented programming? (1)

Answer 12

It uses classes and methods.

Question 13

What are the fundamental programming constructs of procedural programming? (3)

Answer 13

It uses: sequencing (1) branching (1) and iteration (1)

Question 14

What do the assembly mneumonics: ADD & SUB mean? (2)

Answer 14

ADD = add. (1) SUB = subtract. (1)

Question 15

What do the assembly mneumonics: STA & LDA mean? (2)

Answer 15

STA = store. (1) LDA = load. (1)

Question 16

What do the assembly mneumonics: INP & OUT mean? (2)

Answer 16

INP = input. (1) OUT = output. (1)

Question 17

What do the assembly mneumonics: HLT & DAT mean? (2)

Answer 17

HLT = end program. (1) DAT = data location. (1)

Question 18

What do the assembly mneumonics: BRA & BRZ & BRP mean? (2)

Answer 18

BRA = branch always. (1) BRZ = branch if zero. (1) BRP = branch if positive (or zero). (1)

Question 19

What is instantiation? (2)

Answer 19

The process of creating an object (1) from a class template (1)

Question 20

What is polymorphism? (1)

Answer 20

Polymorphism is a programming languages ability to process objects differently based on their class

Question 21

What is encapsulation? (2)

Answer 21

The process of keeping an object’s attributes private (1) so they can only be accessed and changed via public methods. (1)

Question 22

Describe the advantages of using encapsulation. (3)

Answer 22

It reduces the chance of errors/inconsistences. (1) It ensures objects can only be changed in the way intended. (1) It protects data/data can’t be accidentally changed. (1)

Question 23

What are the 4 types of addressing? (4)

Answer 23

Immediate addressing. (1) Direct addressing. (1) Indirect addressing. (1) Index addressing. (1)

Question 24

What is immediate addressing? (1)

Answer 24

The operand is the value to be used.

Question 25

What is direct addressing? (1)

Answer 25

The operand is the memory location that holds the data to be used.

Question 26

What is indirect addressing? (1)

Answer 26

The operand is the memory location that is holding the memory location of the data to be used.

Question 27

What is indexed addressing? (1)

Answer 27

The operand is added to the contents of the index register to get the memory location of the data to be used.