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1234 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Smoking, allergies, pollen, physical exertion
  2. Wheezing, cough with tightness in chest, accessory muscle use, hard time with exhaling
  3. Oxygen NRB-Mask Goal 94-99% SPO2, 2) Albuterol, assist CPAP: 5 - 10 4 cm H20
A

ASTHMA

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2
Q
  1. Insect bites and stings, food, medication
  2. Stridor, wheezing, hives, nausea/vomiting, increased respiratory rate, tachycardia
  3. Epi-pen Adult: 0.3 mg, IM | EpiPen JR: 0.15 mg, IM (oxygen + albuterol)
A

ANAPHYLAXSIS

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3
Q
  1. Smoking, air irritants, working in shipyards or hazardous job sites.
  2. Wheezing, Rhonchi, difficulty breathing, tightness of the chest, low SPO2
  3. Oxygen, get patient back to 94% SPO2, CPAP
A

COPD

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4
Q
  1. Long rides/travel, recent surgery, cancer, pregnancy, birth control use, smokers
  2. Shortness of breath, chest pain, tachycardia, hypoxia, increased respiratory rate, leg pain if DVT is present, swollen calf if DVT
  3. Oxygen at 15 lpm, maintain 94-99% with rapid transport
A

PULMONARY EMBOLISM

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5
Q
  1. Pediatrics (6months to 4 years), recent illness, frequent respiratory illness.
  2. Fever, gradual onset, barking cough, stridor, more commonly viral infection.
  3. Position of comfort, oxygen as needed to maintain SP02 level of 94%
A

CROUP

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6
Q
  1. Immunocompromised patients, elderly, chronic respiratory disease
  2. Early onset: Rales, Mid-Late Stages: Rhonchi, productive cough with green or yellow sputum, fever, malaise, tachycardia, chills, night sweats.
  3. Oxygen can be used to achieve an SPO2 of at least 94%, CPAP to clear fluid/pus from the lung fields to improve oxygenation
A

PNEUMONIA

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7
Q
  1. Pediatrics, recent illness, frequent respiratory infections
  2. Stridor, heavy drooling, rapid onset, no cough, painful to swallow, bacterial infections.
  3. Place patient in position of comfort and do your best to keep patient calm, radio patch early that you will need a respiratory specialist, blow-by oxygen as needed with rapid transport.
A

EPIGLOTTITIS

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8
Q
  1. Smoking, diabetes, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, previous stroke/clot
  2. Balance normal?, Eyes, facial droop?, arm drift? speech, time last seen normal (3-4.5 hrs TPA)
A

STROKE

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9
Q
  1. SAD-CHF, men 60-70 years
  2. Unexplained hypotension, pale skin, abdominal pain, syncope, bradycardia
  3. Oxygen, IV fluids, rapid transport (ALS)
A

ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM

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10
Q
  1. Recent cardiac disease/event, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, history of myocardial infarctions
  2. Chest pain, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, dizziness, N/V, hypotension, lightheadedness, AMS
  3. Oxygen to maintain an SPO2 of at least 94%, keep the patient warm, place in position of comfort
A

CARDIOGENIC SHOCK

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11
Q
  1. Traumatic injuries to heart, chest trauma, recent heart surgery/ attack, heart disease
  2. Hypotension, JVD, Muffled heart sounds, chest pain, SOB, dizziness
  3. Oxygen to keep SPO2 levels in normal range, rapid transport
  4. Which triad is this?
A

Cardiac Tamponade
Becks triad

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12
Q
  1. Car accidents, athletics, GSW
  2. Hypotension, bradycardia, loss of consciousness, hypothermia
  3. Keep the patient warm, give oxygen as needed to maintain SPO2 of 94%.
A

DISTRIBUTIVE SHOCK (NEUROGENIC)

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13
Q
  1. Elderly risk of falling, construction workers, high risk job/ job sites for injury
  2. Hypertension, Bradycardia, irregular respirations, headache, N/V, confusion, agitation, AMS, dizziness
  3. Oxygen to maintain SPO2 levels of at least 94%, avoid hyperventilation.
  4. Which triad is this?
A

HEAD INJURY (INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE)
Cushings triad

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14
Q
  1. Elderly patients, greater risk of falling.
  2. Chest pain, difficulty breathing, painful to breathe, increased respiratory rate, paradoxical chest movement, tachycardia, rapid, shallow breathing
  3. Provide oxygenation and ventilations as needed, positive pressure ventilations via BVM may be required. Place patient in position of comfort, a pillow to help stabilize could also be used to help with pain control
A

FLAIL CHEST

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15
Q
  1. Injury/trauma, internal bleeding, illness/infection, dehydration/ malnutrition.
  2. Dizziness, syncope/near-syncope, headache, malaise, nausea, tachycardia, hypotension.
  3. Keep the patient warm and give oxygen to maintain adequate SPO2 levels
A

HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK

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16
Q
  1. Traumatic risk, thin, tall, young men
  2. Absent, diminished lung sounds, unilaterally, hypotension, JVD, difficulty breathing, sharp chest pain.
  3. Oxygen, NRB mask, get SPO2 above 94%. 3-sided dressing, lets air escape not more air enter. BVM ventilations, if patient can’t control airway the positive pressure will exist.
A

TENSION PNEUMOTHORAX

17
Q
  1. Family history, teenage to 20’s age group.
  2. Pain starts mid abdomen then can radiate to right lower quadrant. Fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting
  3. Treat symptoms such as pain and nausea with medications such as Zofran (nausea) and morphine or fentanyl (pain)
A

APPENDICITIS

18
Q
  1. Ativan, Versed, Valium, and Xanax.
  2. Slow respirations, bradycardia, hypotension, impaired balance, slurred speech, altered level of consciousness, apnea
  3. Maintain the patient’s airway, ventilate, and give oxygen as needed
A

BENZODIAZEPINE OVERDOSE

19
Q
  1. Cocaine, schizophrenia, methamphetamine, PCP, LSD
  2. Agitation, hyperthermia, aggressiveness, confusion, hot skin, diaphoretic, incoherent speech, tachycardia
  3. Intramuscular benzodiazepines OR intramuscular Ketamine for sedation if needed for safety of the patient and crew
A

EXCITED DELIRIUM

20
Q
  1. Alcoholism, IV drug use, unprotected sex, poor sanitation, lack of safe drinking water
  2. Fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, jaundice skin or eyes, nausea and vomiting, dark urine and joint pain
  3. Place the patient in a position of comfort, gather vital signs, check blood glucose level
21
Q
  1. Type 1 diabetes more commonly but also can occur in type 2. Missing a dose of prescribed insulin.
  2. Abdominal pain, excessive thirst, ketone “fruity” breath odor, nausea and vomiting, dry mouth and skin, excessive urination
  3. Supportive care, place in position of comfort and transport with vital signs
A

HYPERGLYCEMIA (DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, DKA)

22
Q
  1. Diabetics, heavy exercise and/or skipping meals, insulin administration overdose
  2. Tachycardia, diaphoretic, dizziness, lightheadedness, irritable, shaky hands, pale skin, clammy skin
  3. Oral glucose administered, check blood glucose before and after administration
A

HYP0GLYCEMIA

23
Q
  1. Vicodin, oxycodone, oxycontin, morphine, fentanyl, heroin
  2. Respiratory depression, hypotension, bradycardia, slurred speech, impaired balance, pinpoint pupils, unresponsiveness, apnea
  3. Narcan administration (IN, IV, IM) and maintaining the patient’s airway via ventilations and oxygenation
A

OPIATE OVERDOSE

24
Q
  1. Family history, psychoactive drug use during teens, pregnancy malnutrition
  2. Aggression, agitation, hallucinations, paranoia, rapid speech, false beliefs, self-harm
  3. EMS treatment includes transport to the emergency department to be seen by mental health specialists. Unfortunately, at times patients who are harming themselves or others may require restraints per protocol. BLS: Physical restraints.
A

SCHIZOPHRENIA

25
Q
  1. Drug use, recent illness, cessation of anti-seizure medications or changes in medication dosing
  2. Loss of consciousness, staring, stiffening of the body, with rapid jerking movements of the arms and legs. Some patients describe an “aura” or feeling before the event
  3. Give oxygen as needed once the seizure has stopped and access the blood glucose level
26
Q
  1. Three sub-types. Neurogenic, anaphylactic, and septic. The hallmark of these three is
    the immediate loss of sympathetic response causing widespread vasodilation and loss of adequate blood pressure.

Neurogenic is caused by spinal cord injury. Anaphylactic
is the final stage of anaphylaxis which is an allergen that effects two or more body systems, for example wheezing with hives and/or nausea/ vomiting. Septic is caused by a widespread infection in the blood.

  1. Allergies, recent illness/infection, spinal cord injury
  2. Hypotension, tachycardia, increased respirations, fever, chills, dizziness, altered level of consciousness, altered mental status
  3. Oxygen to maintain SPO2 levels adequately plus keep the patient comfortable and warm
A

SHOCK (DISTRIBUTIVE)

27
Q
  1. Cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax, and pulmonary embolism each can cause shock if not corrected. As each of these emergencies will stop blood flow
  2. Recent surgeries, tall thin men are at higher risk for spontaneous pneumothorax.
  3. Hypotension, tachycardia, increased respiratory rate, cool, clammy skin
  4. Keep the patient warm and give oxygen to maintain adequate SPO2 levels
A

SHOCK (OBSTRUCTIVE)

28
Q

5 stages of grief

A
  1. Denial
  2. Anger
  3. Bargaining
  4. Depression
  5. Acceptance
29
Q

Septic

A

Severe bacterial infection
S/S
Warm skin, fever, tachycardia, hypotension

30
Q

Neurogenic Shock

A

Spinal cord injury, damaged CNS, bradycardia, hypotension

S/S (1 decks)

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