122b - Neuropsychological Assessment Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the process of making a memory

Which structures are involved?

Where is it stored?

A
  • Incoming stimulus is rehearsed in working memory (prefrontal cortex) for as long as necessary…
  • to consolidate by mesial temporal cortex (hippocampus)
  • Stored as long term memory in different parts of the cortex
  • Retrieved w/help of hippocampus and prefrontal cortex
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2
Q

The normal range is ___ standard deviations around the mean

What does this mean for percentiles?

A

The normal range is 1.3 standard deviations around the mean

This translates to 9th-90th percentiles

(Mean = 100, standard deviation = 15)

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3
Q

List the two distinct visual pathways after reaching the occipital lobe

Which areas of the brain are they associated with?

A
  • “Where” = parietal = dorsal stream
    • Legion: will not be able to put an envelope into a mail slot
  • “What” = temporal = ventral stream
    • Legion: will not be able to tell you that a horizontal line matches the mail slot

Everybody pls vote

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4
Q

How is this patinet’s encoding?

Retreival?

Retention?

What is the most likely diagnosis?

A
  • Impaired encoding
    • Does not learn additional words with more repetition
  • Impaired retreival
    • But makes sense, bc not encoded
  • Intact retention
    • Retains what is learned, but cannot access/retreive without the examiner asking “have you seen this word before”

The diagnosis from the lection is vascular dementia

  • Poor encoding, normal retention
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5
Q

Which brain structures are involved in anterograde memory?

A

Anterograde memory = learning and consolidating new information

  • Mesial temporal cortex (hippocampus)
    • Consolidates and distributes memories for long-term storage
  • Prefrontal cortex
    • Memory eencoding and retreival
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6
Q

How is this patinet’s encoding?

Retreival?

Retention?

What is the most likely diagnosis?

A
  • Preserved encoding
    • Learns additional words with increased repetition
  • Impaired retreival
    • Fewer workds immediately and after delay
  • Impaired retention
    • We would expect ~5/12 correct when asking yes/no questions

This is likely Alzheimer’s

Normal encoding, poor retention

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7
Q

What is the mean and standard deviation of a Standard Score?

A

Mean = 100

Standard deviation = 15

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8
Q

When is a neuropsychology consultation indicated?

A
  • Suspected dementia
  • Assess cognitive sequalae
    • TBI
    • HIV/Aids
    • Autoimmune conditions
    • Psychiatric conditions
  • Suspected developmental disorder
  • Pre/post treatment baseline

The neurocognitive test is long; requires patients to have intact decision making capacity and to be cooperative

Not necessary for reversible causes of altered mental status

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