12.2 Animal and Plant Diseases

Question 1

What type of disease is tuberculosis?

Answer 1

Bacterial

Question 2

How is tuberculosis transmitted?

Answer 2

Inhaling droplets containing the bacteria

Question 3

What are the symptoms of tuberculosis?

Answer 3

-Lack of appetite / weight loss
-High temperature / fever
-Night sweats
-Extreme tiredness / fatigue
-Persistent cough
-Breathlessness
-Coughing up blood

Question 4

How is tuberculosis prevented/treated?

Answer 4

-Antibiotics available, vaccine available
-Keep up good hygiene practices

Question 5

What type of disease is bacterial meningitis?

Answer 5

Bacterial

Question 6

How is bacterial meninigitis transmitted?

Answer 6

By inhaling droplets containing the bacteria

Question 7

What are the symptoms of bacterial meningitis?

Answer 7

-High fever, with cold hands and feet
-Drowsiness, floppiness, becoming unresponsive
-Blotchy red/purple rash that doesn’t disappear when glass is pressed against it
-Muscle pain
-Seizures, convulsions
-Vomiting
-Stiff neck
-Confusion, irritability

Question 8

How is bacterial meningitis prevented/treated?

Answer 8

-Vaccines available
-Intravenous antibiotics, admission to hospital
-If infection is suspected, treatment will begin before diagnosis

Question 9

What type of disease is HIV/AIDS?

Answer 9

Virus

Question 10

How is HIV/AIDS transmitted?

Answer 10

-Direct contact/exchange of bodily fluids (via unprotected sex, sharing needles, childbirth, breastfeeding)

Question 11

What are the symptoms of HIV/AIDS?

Answer 11

-Initial: fever, sore throat, joint pain, body rash, tiredness, muscle pain, swollen glands
-After initial symptoms appear, symptoms will disappear, and the virus will remain active and cause damage to your immune system

Question 12

How is HIV/AIDS treated/prevented?

Answer 12

No vaccine nor cure available, antiretroviral drugs slow down progression of disease

Question 13

What type of disease is influenza?

Answer 13

Virus

Question 14

How is influenza transmitted?

Answer 14

Inhalation of droplets containing the virus

Question 15

What are the symptoms of influenza?

Answer 15

-High temperature/fever
-Tiredness and weakness
-A headache
-General aches and pains
-Dry, chesty cough
-Cold-like symptoms

Question 16

How is influenza treated/prevented?

Answer 16

-Flu vaccine available
-No treatment available

Question 17

What type of disease is athlete’s foot?

Answer 17

Fungal

Question 18

How is athlete’s foot transmitted?

Answer 18

Direct skin contact, or contact with infected surfaces

Question 19

What are the symptoms of athlete’s foot?

Answer 19

-Cracking and scaling of feet
-Itchiness and soreness of feet

Question 20

How is athlete’s foot treated/prevented?

Answer 20

-Wear socks
-Antifungal creams available

Question 21

What type of disease is ringworm?

Answer 21

Fungal

Question 22

How is ringworm transmitted?

Answer 22

Human-animal, human-human, human-object contact

Question 23

What are the symptoms of ringworm?

Answer 23

Gray-white, crusty, infectious, circular areas of skin

Question 24

How is ringworm prevented/treated?

Answer 24

Antifungal creams available

Question 25

What type of disease is malaria?

Answer 25

Protist

Question 26

How is malaria transmitted?

Answer 26

-Parasite reproduces inside the female mosquito -Mosquito bites human, and the parasite is passed onto people -Invades the liver, blood cells, and brain. -Human = host, mosquito = vector

Question 27

What are the symptoms of malaria?

Answer 27

-High temperature/fever -Sweats and chills -Vomiting -Headache -Diarrhoea -Muscle pains

Question 28

How is malaria treated/prevented?

Answer 28

-No vaccines, medication available -Take anti-malarial tablets beforehand -Insecticides, mosquito nets, long-sleeved clothing

Question 29

What type of disease is ring rot?

Answer 29

Bacterial

Question 30

What does ring rot do?

Answer 30

Damages leaves, tubes and fruit

Question 31

What types of plants does ring rot affect?

Answer 31

Potatoes, tomatoes and aubergines

Question 32

What is the treatment for ring rot?

Answer 32

No cure

Question 33

What type of disease is tobacco mosaic virus?

Answer 33

Virus

Question 34

What types of plants does tobacco mosaic virus affect?

Answer 34

Tobacco plants, tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, etc

Question 35

What does tobacco mosaic virus do?

Answer 35

-Damages leaves, flowers and fruit, stunting growth and reducing yield

Question 36

How is tobacco mosaic virus treated/prevented?

Answer 36

No cure, resistant crop strains available

Question 37

What type of disease is potato blight?

Answer 37

Protist

Question 38

What does potato blight do?

Answer 38

Penetrates host cells, destroying leaves, tubers and fruit

Question 39

How is potato blight treated/prevented?

Answer 39

No cure, resistant crop strains available

Question 40

What type of disease is black sigatoka?

Answer 40

Fungus

Question 41

What types of platns does black sigatoka affect?

Answer 41

Bananas

Question 42

What does black sigatoka do?

Answer 42

Affects and destroys the leaves, turning them black

Question 43

How is black sigatoka prevented/treated?

Answer 43

Resistant strains being developed, no cure available. Fungicide can control the spread of the disease