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Nervous System > 12.1 Basic Structure and Function of Nervous System > Flashcards

12.1 Basic Structure and Function of Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Parts of the Central Nervous System (CNS)

A

Brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

Parts of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

A

Everything else (ganglion, nerves)

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3
Q

Nucleus

A

Localized collection of neuron somas in CNS

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4
Q

Axon

A

Fiber connecting a neuron with its target

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5
Q

Dendrite

A

Recevies input from Neurons

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6
Q

Ganglion

A

PNS
Cluster of somas
Reception of sensory stimuli by dorsal root and cranial ganglia (somatic/autonomic)
Relay of visceral motor responses by autonomic ganglia (autonomic)

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7
Q

Glial Cells

A

Support Neurons

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8
Q

Gray Matter

A

Regions with many cell bodies and dendrites

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9
Q

Nerves

A

PNS

Fibers of sensory and motor neurons (somatic/autonomic)

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10
Q

Neuron

A

Cells containing a soma (cell body)
Have processes (extensions)
Contain Axons and Dendrites

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11
Q

Tract

A

Bundle of axons with CNS

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12
Q

White Matter

A

Myelinated axons

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13
Q

Basic NS Functions

A

Sensation, Integration, Response

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14
Q

Sensation

A

Receiving stimuli generates a motor response

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15
Q

Integration

A

Association areas

Combines emotions, memories and learning to produce a response

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16
Q

Sensation

A

Receive environmental stimuli from in and out of the body to register homeostatic change
5 senses
Taste+smell: chemical response
Touch: Physical
Light: Sight
Hearing: Sound perception which can be physical

Inside the body: organ wall stretching, blood concentration of ions

17
Q

Response

A

NS can cause contraction of all 3 types of muscle
Neural control of glands (sweat)
Voluntary/Conscious Contraction - Skeletal
Involuntary - smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, gland activation
Voluntary responses controlled by somatic NS, involuntary are governed by Autonomic NS

18
Q

Somatic NS

A

Voluntary response to stimuli

19
Q

Autonomic NS

A

Involuntary response to stimuli

20
Q

Integration

A

Stimuli received by sensory structures communicated to the NS which processes info.
Compares memories of prior stimuli or memories from past similar experiences
Etc. Trajectory of baseball and speed before a swing

21
Q

Spinal Cord

A

CNS
Initiation of reflexes from ventral horn (somatic) and lateral horn (autonomic) gray matter
Pathways for sensory and motor functions between periphery and brain

22
Q

Brain

A

CNS
Perception and processing of sensory stimuli (somatic/autonomic)
Execution of voluntary motor responses (somatic)
Regulation of homeostatic mechanisms (autonomic)

23
Q

Digestive Tract

A

ENS
The enteric nervous system located in the digestive tract is responsible for autonomous functions and can operate independently from the brain and spinal cord

Nervous System (3 decks)

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