120214 cases

Question 1

toxic change

Answer 1

indicates presence of primary granules
in neutrophils
for severe inflam

Question 2

how is CML diagnosed?

Answer 2

Philadelphia chromosome (but also get a biopsy)

Question 3

etiology of CML?

Answer 3

irradiation in 5%

unknown in rest

Question 4

what can CML progress to?

Answer 4

acute leukemia

Question 5

hepatic vein thrombosis/venous thrombosis

Answer 5

think polycythemia vera (increased RBC mass leading to viscosity)

Question 6

DIC

Answer 6

think APL (type of AML)

Question 7

myelodysplastic syndrome–wbc count?

Answer 7

low

Question 8

t(15;17) is associated with

Answer 8

APL (type of AML)

Question 9

APL is a medical emergency-why?

Answer 9

can have DIC

Question 10

hypogranular and hypolobated neutrophil
large hypogranular platelet
giant platelet

Answer 10

MDS

Question 11

what differentiates MDS from AML with MDS-associated changes?

Answer 11

the bone marrow blast percentage

Question 12

WHO classification of AML

Answer 12

AML with recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities
AML with MDS-associated changes
AML and MDS, therapy related
AML not otherwise categorized

Question 13

therapies for MDS

Answer 13

stem cell transplantation or supportive care
or
hypomethylating agents (to allow cell to divide)

Question 14

decitabine

Answer 14

hypomethylating agent

Question 15

increased blasts going into blood will result in

Answer 15

increased WBC count

Question 16

fibrinogen level

Answer 16

used to assess for DIC

Question 17

blasts greater than 20% (for non erythroid)

Answer 17

acute leukemia (AML or ALL)

Question 18

majority of AML prognoses

Answer 18

not good or poor

Question 19

therapy for non-APL AML

Answer 19

induction: 7+3 with ara-C and daunorubicin

Question 20

tear drop cells

Answer 20

myelofibrosis (type of MPD)

Question 21

myelofibrosis–what happens with RBCs, WBCs, platelets?

Answer 21

cannot be produced as well b/c bone marrow is fibrosed

get leukoerythroblastic smear

Question 22

JAK2 mutation is frequently encountered in which group of diseases

Answer 22

MPN

PV-100%
essential thrombocythemia-50%
primary myelofibrosis-50%

CML is the only exception–has PHiladelphia chromosome