1.2 ultrastructure of cells

Question 1

Electrons microscope

Answer 1

• can see viruses
• can see ultrastructure of cells
• electrons have a shorter wavelength therefore higher resolution

Question 2

Ultrastructure

Answer 2

the structure of a biological specimen that is 0.1 nm in its smallest dimension

Question 3

Light microscope

Answer 3

• light has a long wavelength, and therefore lower resolution
• only goes to 1000x, increasing magnification wont help due to small resolution
• can not see viruses
• can see cell structure

Question 4

Prokaryotes divide through binary fission

Answer 4

• closed loop dna in bacterium makes copies through semi-conservative dna replication
• new plasmids are pulled by opposite poles through spindle fibres
• the bacterium divides in two

Question 5

Benefits of the compartmentalization of eukaryotes

Answer 5

• # and place of organelles can be changed
• toxic/harmful substances can be isolated(digestive enzymes)
• localized conditions can be regulated (ph)
• increased cell metabolism (enzymes)

Question 6

Compare and contrast structure of eukaryotic v prokaryotic

Answer 6

Differences:

• prokaryote have naked circular dna vs linear dna
• prokaryotes have dna in the cytoplasm vs nucleus
• prokaryotes have 70s ribosomes vs 80s ribosomes
• prokaryotes have no compartmentalization vs compartmentalization
• prokaryotes reproduce by binary fission vs mitosis
• prokaryotes are smaller vs larger

Similarites:
-both have ribosomes, cell membrane, cytoplasm.