1.2 Types of Attacks

Question 1

What is Malware?

Answer 1

Malware, short for malicious software, is a blanket term for viruses, worms, trojans, and other harmful computer programs hackers use to wreak destruction and gain access to sensitive information.

Question 2

What are the [4] steps of a Malware Attack?

Answer 2

• Delivery – How it gets to the target
• Propagation – How malware spreads
• Payload – What malware does once it’s there
• Indicators of Compromise (IoC) - An artifact observed on a network or in an operating system that with high confidence indicates a computer intrusion

Question 3

Name [3] Examples of Types of Malware

Answer 3

• Trojans
• Ransomware
• Bots
• Spyware
• Keyloggers
• Remote Access Trojan (RAT)
• Potentially unwanted programs (PUPs)
• Rootkit
• Backdoor

Question 4

What is Ransomware?

Answer 4

Software that enables an attacker to take control of a user’s system or data and to demand payment for the return of that control or files or documents stored on it

Question 5

What impact does ransomware make?

Answer 5

• Locks the computer to prevent normal usage

- Encrypts the document and files on it to prevent access to saved data

Question 6

How does ransomware spread?

Answer 6

It is usually installed when you open a malicious email attachment or click a malicious link in email, an instant message, or even if you visit a malicious website

Question 7

How to prevent ransomware?

Answer 7

• Keep all of the software on your computer up-to-date
• Keep your firewall turned on
• Don’t open spam messages or click links on a suspicious website

Question 8

What is a Trojan Horse?

Answer 8

A type of malware that hides on an infected system and can cause damage to the system or give an attacker a platform for monitoring and/or controlling a system

• Not self-replicating
• Not attacked to other files
• Malicious content in a benign package