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Geography - Water and Carbon > 1.2 The Water Cycle > Flashcards

1.2 The Water Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

How much of the earths water is oceanic?

A

97%

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2
Q

How much of the earths water is freshwater?

A

3%

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3
Q

How much of the earths freshwater is in ice caps and glaciers?

A

79%

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4
Q

How much of the earths freshwater is groundwater?

A

20%

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5
Q

How much of the earths freshwater is easily accessible surface water?

A

1%

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6
Q

How much of the earths easily accessible fresh water is water within living organisms?

A

1%

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7
Q

How much of the earths easily accessible fresh water is in lakes?

A

52%

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8
Q

How much of the earths easily accessible fresh water is in rivers?

A

1%

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9
Q

How much of the earths easily accessible fresh water is atmospheric water vapour?

A

8%

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10
Q

How much of the earths easily accessible fresh water is soil moisture?

A

38%

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11
Q

What are the two ways in which condensation can happen?

A

When the temperature of air is reduced to dew point but its volume remains constant
When the volume of the air increases but there is no addition of heat - happens when air rises and expands in the lower pressure of the upper atmosphere

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12
Q

What is a drainage basin?

A

Area of land drained by a river and its tributaries. Includes water found on the surface, in the soil and in near-surface geology

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13
Q

What are the inputs in a drainage basin?

A

Ocean precipitation

Land precipitation

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14
Q

What are the outputs of a drainage basin?

A

Evaporation from the water surface

Evapotranspiration from plants

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15
Q

What are the flows in a drainage basin?

A 
Percolation
Infiltration
Groundwater flow
Throughflow
Throughfall stemflow
Channel fall
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16
Q

What is stemflow?

A

The amount of precipitation intercepted by the canopy that flows down the stems, stalks or trunks to reach the ground

17
Q

What is through fall?

A

The amount of precipitation that reaches the ground directly through the gaps in vegetation

Geography - Water and Carbon (5 decks)

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