1.2 the ultrastructure of cells

Question 1

prokaryotes

eukaryotes

Answer 1

the two classifications of cells

Question 2

protects the cell and maintains its shape

Answer 2

cell wall

Question 3

controls movements of materials into and out of the cell

Answer 3

plasma membrane

Question 4

the region containing free DNA

Answer 4

nucleoid

Question 5

all the cell processes occur here

Answer 5

cytoplasm

Question 6

allows bacterial cells to attach to each other and exchange DNA

Answer 6

pili

Question 7

longer pili and are used for movement

Answer 7

flagella

Question 8

found in all cells and are used for protein synthesis

Answer 8

ribosomes

Question 9

a singular loop of DNA where the DNA is not wrapped around proteins and is not enclosed in a nucleus

Answer 9

nucleoid

Question 10

DNA molecules that contain chromosomes that may help the cell adapt to a different environment

Answer 10

plasmids

Question 11

how do prokaryotes divide?

Answer 11

binary fission

Question 12

all of the area within the cell except the nucleus and where the organelles are found

Answer 12

cytoplasm

Question 13

produces and transports lipids, used to make the cell membrane and sex hormones

Answer 13

smooth er

Question 14

modifies and transports proteins

Answer 14

rough er

Question 15

has no membrane and is the site of protein synthesis

Answer 15

ribosomes

Question 16

in what type of cell is 80s ribosomes found

Answer 16

eukaryotes

Question 17

in what type of cell is 70s ribosomes found

Answer 17

prokaryotes

Question 18

membrane-bound sacs that contain enzymes

Answer 18

lysosomes

Question 19

collects, packages, and transports molecules and receives proteins and packages them in vesicles

Answer 19

Golgi apparatus

Question 20

the site of cellular respiration where the chemical energy in food is transformed into chemical energy in the form of ATP. they have their own DNA and ribosomes, have a double membrane

Answer 20

mitochondria

Question 21

porous membrane and have the nucleolus where the ribosomes are made and isolates the DNA

Answer 21

nucleus

Question 22

only found in algae and plants and is the site of photosynthesis

Answer 22

chloroplast

Question 23

help the movement of chromosomes during cell division

Answer 23

centrosomes

Question 24

stores materials like water, and are often very large in plants

Answer 24

vacuoles

Question 25

cell wall of peptidoglycan

Answer 25

bacteria

Question 26

cell wall of chitin

Answer 26

fungi

Question 27

cell wall of cellulose

Answer 27

algae and plants

Question 28

no cell well but has extracellular matrix instead

Answer 28

animals

Question 29

• maintains shape

- helps regulate water uptake

Answer 29

cell wall

Question 30

network of collagen fibre, proteins and sugars outside of the cell that strengthens the plasma membrane and provides the cell with support and structure

Answer 30

extracellular matrix