1.2) The Problems of the Nobility 1445-50 Flashcards
How much of a problem did the nobility cause from 1445 to 1450, more problems were caused by nobles later.
Who were the major nobles and close to the king in 1445?
-Duke of Gloucester
-Edmund, Earl of Richmond
-Jasper, Earl of Pembroke
-Richard, Duke of York
-Edmund, Duke of Somerset
-Duke of Buckingham
-Duke of Warwick
-William, Duke of Suffolk
Who was the Duke of Gloucester?
-Henry VI’s uncle and heir presumptive
-Appalled at the Treaty of Tours (1444)
-Wanted war with France like his older brother, Henry V
-Died in 1447, suspected to be killed by Suffolk.
Who were Edmund and Jasper, Earls of Richmond and Pembroke?
Henry VI’s half brother through Henry’s mother (Catherine of Valois) and Owen Tudor.
Who was Richard, Duke of York?
-Became heir presumptive in 1447 after the Duke of Gloucester’s death
-The greatest landowner in the country
-Obsessed with legacy and securing his Yorkist bloodline
-Descended through Edward III
-Resented that he was pushed aside over the Duke of Suffolk and felt that he deserved to be the right hand man of the king
-Major noble throughout whole course
Who were the Beauforts?
-An illegitimate Lancastrian line and were closely related to Henry VI
-The children between the third wife and John of Gaunt were illegitimate as she was a mistress at the time, even though they were legalised later
Who was Cardinal Beaufort?
-Bishop of Winchester
-Lended over £200,000 to the crown in the 1st half of the 15th century
Who was Edmund Beaufort?
-Nephew of Cardinal Beaufort
-Successful as a knight in France in the 1430’s
-Made Duke of Somerset in 1448
Who were the Duke of Buckingham and Warwick?
-Were obsessed with land and status like the Duke of York
-Generally sided with York in feuds between nobles
Who was William, Duke of Suffolk?
-Dominated government during the 1440’s
-William de la Pole (important bloodline)
-Earl but later made Duke
-Not a major landowner but had major influence over the king
-Made Lord Chamberlain in 1447
-Favourite of the king and resented by the Duke of York
What year did the Duke of Gloucester die?
1447
When did the Duke of York become heir presumptive?
1447
How much money did Cardinal Beaufort lend to the crown in the 1st half of the 15th century?
Over £200,000
When was Edmund Beaufort appointed Duke of Somerset?
1448
When was William, Duke of Suffolk, appointed Lord Chamberlain?
1447
Why did a weak king like Henry VI lead to problems from the nobility?
-Disputes between nobles increased because Henry VI was unwilling to intervene
Why were the Beauforts considered illegitimate?
There were descended from John of Gaunt and his 3rd wife, Katherine Swynford, who was his mistress at the time of the birth of their children, which makes them bastards, but were issued royal decrees to be legitimate.
How were the Beauforts and Henry VI related?
John of Gaunt
How were Henry IV and Richard, Duke of York related?
King Edward III of England
Who would fill in if the king couldn’t handle disputes between nobles?
Lawyers
Why would nobles argue over ownership of land?
If the economy was not doing well or incomes were low
What would happen if disputes could not be resolved?
Violence and war
Why did Cardinal Beaufort give money to the crown in the early half of the 15th century?
To fund the Hundred Years War with France and for the crown to favour them.
What happened to the Paston family in Norfolk?
-Robert Hungerford stole a manor from them but because he was part of the Suffolk faction, he could not be pursued for his crime but the mansion was returned.
What faction was Robert Hungerford part of?
The Suffolk faction
