1.2 - Structure And Function Of DNA Flashcards
Which 4 bases make up DNA?
Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine
Describe the structure of DNA
DNA is a double stranded helix
What does DNA do?
All cells store their genetic information in the base sequences of DNA
DNA is made up of nucleotides. What are nucleotides made up of?
- deoxyribose sugar
- phosphate
- bases
What holds complimentary base pairs together in DNA?
Weak hydrogen bonds
Prior to cell division, DNA is replicated. DNA replication requires?
- primer
- ligase
- DNA polymerase
- DNA
- free DNA nucleotides
- ATP
What do chromosomes consist of?
Tightly coiled DNA around proteins
Where is DNA found?
In the nucleus
Nucleotides bond to form…
The sugar phosphate backbone
What is DNA replication important for?
It ensure that every cell replicated receives a full set of chromosomes and that no genetic information is lost during replication.
What starts DNA replication?
Primer
What does DNA polymerase do?
It adds complimentary nucleotides to the deoxyribose 3’ end of the leading strand
What strand is continuously repeated?
The leading strand
What does the enzyme ligase do?
Ligase together the fragments of DNA on the lagging strand
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribo-nucleic acid
