12. Proverbs (figures of speech) Flashcards

1
Q

What is an aphorism?

A

A terse formulation of a truth

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2
Q

What is an epigram?

A

a terse, sage, witty, and often paradoxical saying

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3
Q

Simile

A

an explicit, evocative, comparison between two things of unlike nature that yet have something in common

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4
Q

Metaphor:

A

an implicit, evocative comparison between two things of unlike nature that yet have something in common

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5
Q

Allegory:

A

an extended metaphor

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6
Q

Anthropopathism:

A

ascribing human feelings, motives, or behavior to God

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7
Q

Anthropomorphism:

A

ascribing human physical features to the spiritual God

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8
Q

Synecdoche:

A

stating a part to represent the whole

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9
Q

Metonymy:

A

referring to something by using an associated item (27:24, 6:17). Crown refers to kingship and tongue and hands refer to a person’s speech and deeds.

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10
Q

Personification:

A

attributing human qualities to what is not human

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11
Q

Hyperbole:

A

overstatement (30:3). Agur claims he is too stupid to be considered a human being.

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12
Q

Litotes:

A

understatement. A lessening of something to increase it (10:19).

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13
Q

Irony:

A

saying one thing but intending the opposite, usually with sarcasm (31:6). Give free beer to the poor in 31:6 is an irony to devalue liquor. In 19:27, Solomon says: Cease, my son, listening to instruction to stray from words of knowledge. Of course he means the opposite. Most English translations render the proverb in such a way as to interpret the irony so it is missed by the reader.

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14
Q

“Proverb.”

A

a short pithy saying, usually containing two lines of poetry.

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