1.2 organizing diversity of life

Question 1

biologists have so far identified and named how many species

Answer 1

1.8 million

Question 2

? species of prokaryotes discovered

Answer 2

6,300

Question 3

estimated total a=mount of species? (including undiscovered)

Answer 3

10 million-100million

Question 4

how do scientists classify things

Answer 4

the Linnaeus system: 
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 5

the branch of biology that names and classifies species/ formalizes the ordering of species into groups of increasing breadth:

Answer 5

taxonomy

Question 6

five original kingdoms

Answer 6

plants
animals
fungi
single celled eukaryotes
prokaryotes

Question 7

what new methods have led to a reevaluation of the number and boundaries of kingdoms

Answer 7

ex. comparisons of DNA from different species

Question 8

three domains

Answer 8

bacteria
archaea
Eukarya

Question 9

which two domains are all prokaryotic

Answer 9

bacteria and archaea

Question 10

the most diverse and widespread prokaryotes and now divided into multiple kingdoms:

Answer 10

domain bacteria

Question 11

extreme environments

includes multiple kingdoms :

Answer 11

domain archaea

Question 12

unicellular eukaryotes and relatively simple multicellular relatives:

Answer 12

kingdom Protista

Question 13

absorbs nutrients from surroundings:

Answer 13

kingdom fungi

Question 14

multicellular eukaryotes that carry out photosynthesis:

Answer 14

kingdom Plantae

Question 15

multicellular eukaryotes that ingest other organisms:

Answer 15

kingdom Animalia

Question 16

example of unity in diversity

Answer 16

the cilia on a paramecium and the cilia in a windpipe of a human

Question 17

darwin’s book

Answer 17

on the origin of species by means of natural selection

Question 18

two points of Darwin;s book

Answer 18

1) contemporary species evolved from ancestors (descent with modification)
2) the mechanism for descent with modification is natural selection

Question 19

the mechanism for descent with modification

Answer 19

natural selection

Question 20

Darwin’s observations

Answer 20

1-individuals in a population vary in traits
2-overproduction, so competition is inevitable
3- species suit their environments

Question 21

Darwin’s inferences

Answer 21

1-individuals that are more fit reproduce more
2- over time the pop with better traits will increase
3-evolution occurs