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Computer Sci > 1.2 Memory And Storage > Flashcards

1.2 Memory And Storage Flashcards

1
Q

What is ROM?

A

A small piece of read-only memory located on the motherboard.

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2
Q

What are the characteristics of ROM?

A

Non-volatile and contains the very first instructions for the computer (bootstrap).

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3
Q

What is RAM?

A

Temporary storage of instructions and data.

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of RAM?

A

Holds information being executed by the processor, is volatile, and is much faster than the hard disk.

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5
Q

What does RAM hold?

A

RAM holds the operating system, programs, and data in use by the CPU when the computer is running.

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6
Q

Is RAM volatile or non-volatile?

A

RAM is volatile, meaning its contents are lost when the power is turned off.

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7
Q

Can data in RAM be read and written?

A

Yes, RAM allows both read and write operations.

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8
Q

How does the size of RAM compare to ROM?

A

RAM is large in comparison to ROM.

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9
Q

What does ROM hold?

A

ROM holds the first instructions for when the computer is first turned on, known as the bootstrap.

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10
Q

Where may programs be stored in ROM?

A

Programs may be stored in ROM in embedded systems.

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11
Q

Is ROM volatile or non-volatile?

A

ROM is non-volatile, meaning its contents remain when power is turned off.

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12
Q

Can data in ROM be read and written?

A

ROM is read-only.

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13
Q

How does the size of ROM compare to RAM?

A

ROM is small in comparison to RAM.

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14
Q

What is virtual memory?

A

Virtual memory is needed when there is not enough physical RAM to store the open programs.

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15
Q

Where is virtual memory held?

A

Virtual memory is held on the hard disk.

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16
Q

What happens to programs when they are not currently being executed?

A

Programs are transferred out to virtual memory from the RAM.

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17
Q

What happens to programs when they are needed again?

A

Programs are transferred back to RAM from virtual memory.

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18
Q

What is secondary storage?

A

Storage used for backing up and archiving of large amounts of data.

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19
Q

What is primary storage?

A

The operating system, programs, and data are held here when not in use.

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20
Q

What are examples of primary storage?

A

RAM, ROM, Registers & Cache.

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21
Q

What is tertiary storage?

A

Storage used for backing up and archiving of large amounts of data.

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22
Q

Why is secondary storage needed?

A

Secondary storage is needed because ROM is read-only and RAM is volatile.

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23
Q

What are the purposes of secondary storage?

A
  1. Storage of programs and data when the power is turned off.
  2. Semi-permanent storage of data that can change.
  3. Backup of data files.
  4. Archive of data files.
24
Q

What is the symbol for a Bit?

A

b

25
Q

What is a Nibble?

A

4 bits

26
Q

What is the symbol for a Byte?

A

B

27
Q

How many bits are in a Byte?

A

8 bits

28
Q

What is the symbol for a Kilobyte?

A

KB

29
Q

How many bytes are in a Kilobyte?

A

1024 bytes

30
Q

What is the symbol for a Megabyte?

A

MB

31
Q

How many bytes are in a Megabyte?

A

1,000,000 bytes

32
Q

What is the symbol for a Gigabyte?

A

GB

33
Q

How many bytes are in a Gigabyte?

A

1,000,000,000 bytes

34
Q

What is the symbol for a Terabyte?

A

TB

35
Q

How many bytes are in a Terabyte?

A

1,000,000,000,000 bytes

36
Q

What is the symbol for a Petabyte?

A

PB

37
Q

How many bytes are in a Petabyte?

A

1,000,000,000,000,000 bytes

38
Q

What is the binary value of a Bit?

A

0 or 1

39
Q

What is the decimal value of a Kilobyte?

A

10^3

40
Q

What is the decimal value of a Megabyte?

A

10^6

41
Q

What is the decimal value of a Gigabyte?

A

10^9

42
Q

What is the decimal value of a Terabyte?

A

10^12

43
Q

What is the decimal value of a Petabyte?

A

10^15

44
Q

What is the approximation for ½ byte?

A

Written as ½ byte

45
Q

What is the approximation for 1 byte?

A

Written as 1 byte

46
Q

What is the approximation for 1,000 bytes?

A

Written as 1,000 bytes

47
Q

What is the approximation for 1,000,000 bytes?

A

Written as 1,000,000 bytes

48
Q

What is the approximation for 1,000,000,000 bytes?

A

Written as 1,000,000,000 bytes

49
Q

What is the approximation for 1,000,000,000,000 bytes?

A

Written as 1,000,000,000,000 bytes

50
Q

What is the approximation for 1,000,000,000,000,000 bytes?

A

Written as 1,000,000,000,000,000 bytes

51
Q

What is 1,000 bytes referred to as?

A

Thousand bytes

52
Q

What is 1,000,000 bytes referred to as?

A

Million bytes

53
Q

What is 1,000,000,000 bytes referred to as?

A

Billion bytes

54
Q

What is 1,000,000,000,000 bytes referred to as?

A

Trillion bytes

55
Q

What is 1,000,000,000,000,000 bytes referred to as?

A

Quadrillion bytes

Computer Sci (3 decks)

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