1.2 - Intro to molecular biology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is molecular biology?

A
  • The study of essential cell macromolecules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some areas of molecular biology?

A
  • Forensic DNA analysis
  • Genetic diseases
  • Cancer therapies
  • Crop/livestock improvement
  • Ecology
  • Evolution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the connection to evolution and molecular biology?

A
  • explains variation (mutations) in the population
  • allows for different abilities to survive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who were the 3/4 people that laid the foundations for genetics?

A
  1. Darwin/Wallace - explained variation/fitness and how organisms are related
  2. Mendel - explained the fundamental principles of inheritance
  3. Morgan - explained how genes are arranged on chromosomes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What were the 3 groups that proved that DNA was genetic material?

A
  1. Fred Griffith
  2. Avery, MacLeod and McCarty
  3. Hershey and Chase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What was Griffith’s experiment?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What was Avery, MacLeod and McCarty’s experiment?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What was Hershey and Chase’s experiment?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the genetic material of eukaryotic cells?

A

DNA can be used to introduce new genetic traits into animal cells or whole animals.

Blank – In eukaryotic cells, the acquisition of new genetic markers by incorporation of added DNA.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define the following words; chromosome, gene, structural gene, regulatory gene

A
  1. A discrete unit of the genome carrying many genes.
    - Each chromosome consists of a very long molecule of duplex DNA and an approximately equal mass of proteins, and is visible as a morphological entity only during cell division.
  2. A sequence of DNA that encodes a discrete function
  3. Gene that encodes for amino acid sequence of a protein (as an enzyme) or for a rRNA or tRNA
  4. Gene involved in controlling the expression of one or more other genes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define the following gene forms; allele, locus, genetic recombination

A
  1. Specific variation of a gene
  2. The position on a chromosome at which the gene for a particular trait resides - may have >1 allele
  3. A process by which separate DNA molecules are joined into a single molecule
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly