12 - Heart Flashcards
The heart is responsible for pumping blood through two different systems of circulation. Which?
- Pulmonary circulation
2. Systemic circulation.
The heart is located in which major body cavity?
Thoracic cavity.
The heart is located within which pleural cavity?
Neither. It’s between the two.
The heart actually lies in its own minor cavity. Which?
Pericardial cavity.
The pericardial cavity is formed by …
the pericardium.
What is the pericardium?
The pericardium is the tissues that surround the heart and anchor it within the mediastinum.
The heart is a muscular pump consisting of four chamber. Which?
The right and left atria. The right and left ventricles.
Which chamber(s) receive blood from veins?
The atria, both right and left.
The right atrium receives blood from..
from three major openings:
- The superior vena cava
- The inferior vena cava
- The coronary sinus
The superior vena cava brings blood from … to….
The superior vena cava drain blood from most of the body and empties out in the right atrium.
The inferior vena cava brings blood from …. to…
The inferior vena cava drain blood from most of the body and empties out in the right atrium.
The coronary sinus drains blood from …. to…
The coronary sinus drains blood from most of the heart muscle, and empties out in the right atrium.
Which veins empty into the left atrium?
The left atrium receives blood through the four pulmonary veins, which drain blood from the lungs.
What separates the two atria?
The two atria are separated from each other by a partition called the interatrial septum.
The right ventricle pumps blood to …
the pulmonary truck.
The left ventricle pumps blood to …
the aorta.
What separates the ventricles?
The interventricular septum.
Which ventricle is able to create the highest pressure?
The left.
What are the valves between the atria and the ventricles called?
The atrioventricular (AV) valves are located between the right atrium and the right ventricle and between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
Are there differences between the left and right atrioventricular valves?
Yes. The AV valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle is called the bicuspid, or mitral, valve. The AV valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle is called the tricuspid valve.
What is the difference between the bicuspid and tricuspid valves?
The tricuspid has three cusps, and the bicuspid has two.
What is the function of the valves?
They can close, preventing blood flow. When open, they prevent blood in the ventricles from flowing back into the atria.
Are there more valves than the bicuspid and tricuspid valves?
Yes. The aorta and pulmonary trunk possess aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves, respectively.
Blood in the left atrium is oxygen-rich or oxygen-poor?
Rich!
Blood in the right atrium is oxygen-rich or oxygen-poor?
Poor!
Explain the opening and closing of valves in contact with the right ventricle.
Following right atrial contraction, the right ventricle begins to contract. This contraction pushes blood against the tricuspid valve, forcing it closed. After pressure within the right ventricle increases, the pulmonary semilunar valve is forced open, and blood flows into the pulmonary trunk. As the right ventricle relaxes, its pressure falls rapidly, and pressure int he pulmonary trunk becomes greater than in the right ventricle. The black flow of blood forces the pulmonary semilunar valves to close.
Blood flow: Blood flows into the right atrium from …
Blood flows into the right atrium from the superior and inferior vena cava, and the coronary sinus.
Blood flows into the right atrium from the superior and inferior vena cava, and the coronary sinus. It then passes which valve?
Blood from the right atrium passes the tricuspid valve on its way to the right ventricle.
Blood from the right atrium passes the tricuspid valve on its way to the right ventricle. Which valve does it pass next?
Blood being pumped out of the right ventricle passes the pulmonary semilunar valve.
Blood being pumped out of the right ventricle passes the pulmonary semilunar valve. This valve is in the …
Pulmonary trunk.
Blood in the pulmonary trunk flows to the …
Pulmonary arteries.
Blood in the pulmonary arteries reaches the lungs and leaves the lungs in the …
Pulmonary veins.
The pulmonary veins empty into …
the left atrium