12 Glacial Landscapes

Question 1

What is plucking?

Answer 1

Water freeze in joint of rock + glacier pull

Question 2

What is abrasion?

Answer 2

Rocks + boulder scrape under glacier

Question 3

What is freeze-thaw weathering?

Answer 3

Water freeze in joint + expand (10%). Creates pressure, which shatters rock

Question 4

What are the two zones on a mountain?

Answer 4

Zone of accumulation (above snowline)

Zone of ablation (below snowline)

Question 5

What are the landforms created by glaciers in the upland?

Answer 5

Corrie - freeze-thaw weathering pulls rock away
Arête
Pyramidal Peak
Corrie Lakes

Question 6

What are the landforms created by glaciers in upland river valleys?

Answer 6

Before: U-shaped valley + river tributary flow gently down sides
After: V-shaped + almost vertical side + wide valley flow + hanging valley + straight river

Question 7

What are the different types of moraine?

Answer 7

Lateral moraine - edge of glacier trough
Medial moraine - two lateral moraines
Ground moraine - underneath glacier
Terminal moraine - end of glacier

Question 8

What is a drumlin and how are they created?

Answer 8

Created by ground moraine sculpted by ice movements. They show direction of glacier

Question 9

What are glacial erratics?

Answer 9

Large rocks from nowhere near around

They are evidence of glacial flow

Question 10

What are seen in the lake district?

Answer 10

Arêtes + cordes, but no pyramidal peak
Lakes (water from post-glacial period)
Ribbon lakes: over-depend glacial trough

Question 11

How did ice deposition impact the lake district?

Answer 11

Terminal moraine used as boundaries in fields of Borrowdale
Lots of drumlins
Glacial erratics in lowlands (some from Scotland)

Question 12

What are the economic opportunities in glaciated areas of the UK?

Answer 12

Farming + Forestry (grazing + commercial farming)
Tourism (landscape attracts tourists - major source)
Quarrying (tough, resistant rocks + lack of population)