1.2 given A Scenario, Use The Appropriate Microsoft Command Line To

Question 1

cd (change directory) purpose

Answer 1

Changes the current directory to a specified directory

Question 2

Usage of: cd \

Answer 2

Changes to the root directory

Question 3

Usage of: cd ..

Answer 3

Moves up one directory level

Question 4

Usage of: cd foldername

Answer 4

Changes to a sub directory named “foldername”

Question 5

Purpose of: dir (directory)

Answer 5

Display a list of files and subdirectories in the current directory

Question 6

Usage of: dir

Answer 6

Lists all files and folders

Question 7

Usage of: dir /a (attributes)

Answer 7

Includes hidden and system files in the listing.

The /a switch in the DIR command, stands for attributes and allows you to display files with specific attributes. When used without specifying any attributes, it display all files, including hidden and system files.

You can also use the backwards/a followed by specific attribute codes to filter the display like this dir /a:h lists only hidden files since h: hidden files

Question 8

Purpose of: md or mkdir (make directory)

Answer 8

Creates a new directory

Question 9

Usage of: md newfolder or mkdir newfolder

Answer 9

Create a directory called “newfolder”

Question 10

Purpose of: rmdir or rd (remove directory)

Answer 10

Deletes an existing directory

Question 11

Usage of: rmdir newfolder or rd newfolder

Answer 11

Remove the directory named “newfolder”

Question 12

Purpose of Drive navigation inputs

Answer 12

Switches between different drives

Question 13

Usage of C: and D:

Answer 13

Switches to the C: Drive and D: drive, respectively

Question 14

Purpose of ipconfig

Answer 14

Displays network configuration details

Question 15

Usage of ipconfig

Answer 15

Shows basic IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway

Question 16

Usage of ipconfig /all

Answer 16

Displays detailed network configuration, including the NS and DHCP information

Question 17

Purpose of command line: ping

Answer 17

Tests connectivity to another network device

Question 18

Usage of: ping 8.8.8.8

Answer 18

Sends ICMP echo request to the specified IP address

Question 19

What is ICMP

Answer 19

ICMP stands for the Internet control message protocol, and it is a network layer protocol used by network devices such as routers and hosts, to send error, messages, and operational information.

It plays a crucial role in diagnosing network, communication issues, and determining whether data reaches its intended destination in a timely manner

Question 20

What are the functions of ICMP

Answer 20

Error reporting: ICMP communicates problems and data, transmissions, such as unreachable host or network, congestion, back to the source device

Diagnostic tools: utilities, like ping and traceroute use ICMP messages to test network connectivity and trace the path of packets through a network

Question 21

How ICMP works

Answer 21

ICMP operates at the network layer and is encapsulated within IP packets. When a network device encounters an issue processing a packet, it send an ICMP message to the source, indicating the type of error encountered.

For example, if a router cannot forward a package due to an expired time to live (TTL) value, it sends and ICMP “time exceeded” message to the sender

Question 22

Common ICMP message types

Answer 22

Echo request and echo reply: used by the ping utility to test reachability between devices

Destination unavailable: indicates that a packet could not reach its intended destination.

Time exceeded: informed the sender that our packet was discarded because its TTL expired .

Question 23

Purpose of command line tool: hostname

Answer 23

Displayed the computer’s hostname

Question 24

What is a hostname

Answer 24

The unique label assigned to a device such as a computer server or printer on a network, enabling it to be identified and access by other device within the network or over the Internet for example, if you name your computer Daisy or Stephanie’s computer.

Question 25

Usage of: hostname

Answer 25

Outputs the name of the current machine

Question 26

What is the purpose of commandline tool: netstat

Answer 26

Displays active network connections, and listening ports

Question 27

What is the usage of? netstat -a

Answer 27

Shows all active connections and listening ports

Question 28

What is the usage of: netstat -b

Answer 28

Display the executable involved in creating each connection (requires administrative privileges)

Question 29

What does the b switch for the Netstat command mean?

Answer 29

The beast stands for binary and is used to display the executable involved in creating each connection or listening port. This feature is particularly useful for identifying which programs are responsible for specific network activities..

Question 30

What is an executable?

Answer 30

An executable is a file that contains a program capable of being executed or run as a process on the computer. And Windows, executable typically have the.EXE extension. These files contain machine code that the operating systems loader can run to perform specific tasks and functions.