1.2 dysbiosis

Question 1

what can cause dysbiosis?

Answer 1

environmental factors

diet

antibiotic use, chemo, surgery, geography

breast vs formula fed

Question 2

how does diet cause dysbiosis?

Answer 2

high fat diet can impair epithelium

can lead to metabolic endotoxemia

Question 3

3 mechanisms by which normal flora protects from pathogens

Answer 3

1. competition (compete for space and nutrients)
2. producing compounds (to kill other bacteria)
3. pH (lower pH so others cant grow)

Question 4

C.difficile characteristics

Answer 4

spore forming

anaerobic

gram+

produces toxins that cause colitis, leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea

Question 5

how does C.diff cause infection?

Answer 5

dysbiotic factors allow for colonization of C.diff

C.diff sporulates and produce toxins (infection)

toxins alter barrier functions and inflammatory responses

microbial therapy can be used

Question 6

example of microbial-based therapeutics

Answer 6

fecal microbiota transplantation
- fecal transplant from healthy donor to re-est commensal gut bacteria
- not desirable

KHSC created better method
- mix 33 gut commensal microorganisms with little abx resistance

Question 6

example of microbial-based therapeutics

Answer 6

fecal microbiota transplantation
- fecal transplant from healthy donor to re-est commensal gut bacteria
- not desirable

KHSC created better method
- mix 33 gut commensal microorganisms with little abx resistance